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61sT Congress \ 
3d Session i 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 



f DOCOMENT 

I No. 1448 



1.'^ G:' 



1.1 v** 



WILLIAM C. LOVERING 

(Late a Representative from Massachusetts) 

MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 



DELIVERED IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTA- 
TIVES AND SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

SIXTY-FIRST CONGRESS 






Proceedings in the House 
June 5, 1910 



Proceedings in the Senate 
February 25, 1911 



COMPILED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF 
THE JOINT COMMITTEE ON PRINTING 






WASHINGTON 
1911 



^ K- 



6r .. «'■, 







TABLE OF r.OXT?:NTS 



Proceedings in the House 5 

Prayer by Rev. John Van Schniek 5 

Prayer by Rev. Henry N. Couden, D. D 8 

Memorial addresses by — 

Mr. Foss, of Massachusetts 10 

Jlr. Norris, of Nebraska 16 

Mr. McCall, of Massachusetts 19 

Mr. Keliher, of Massachusetts 21 

Mr. Peters, of Massaciiusetts 24 

Mr. Booher, of Jlissouri 26 

Mr. Tirrell, of Massachusetts 28 

Mr. O'Connell, of Massachusetts 32 

Mr. Miller, of Minnesota 41 

Mr. Greene, of Massachusetts 43 

Mr. Esch, of Wisconsin 47 

Mr. Lawrence, of Massachusetts 49 

Mr. Washburn, of Massachusetts 52 

Mr. Maguire, of Nebraska 57 

Ml-. Weeks, of Massachusetts 60 

Mr. Gardner, of Massachusetts 64 

Mr. Gillett, of Massachusetts 66 

Mr. Roberts, of Massachusetts 69 

Proceedings in tlie Senate 73 

Prayer by Rev. Ulysses G. B. Pierce 75 

Memorial addresses by — 

Mr. Lodge, of .Massachusetts 77 

.Mr. Wetmore. of Rhode Island 80 

Mr. Crane, of .Massachusetts 82 



[31 




HON- V/I I_LIAIVI C .L^Ci'yE.^ilKG 



DEATH OF HON. WILLIAM C. LOVERING 



Proceedings in the Holise 

February 4. 1910. 
The House met at 12 o'clock noon. 
Prayer by Rev. John Van Schaick, as foHows: 

Ahnighty God, our heavenly Father, we invoke Thy 
blessing upon this Government, and especially upon this 
House, charged with heavy responsibility. In time of 
sorrow and in joy, may we realize that Thou dost rule 
and overrule, that Thou art the lord of our lives, the dis- 
poser of our lot. 

Face to face with the death of a Member of this body, 
help us to lift ourselves above the shadows of earth into 
the light of Thy countenance, into the comfort of Thy 
presence. Let Thy blessing be with all who mourn. 
Help us all to be grateful for a life full of years and of 
service, and more and more strive to do and to bear Thy 
blessed, holy will. So may Thy kingdom come and Thy 
holy will be done on earth as if is in heaven. Amen. 

The Journal of the proceedings of yesterday was rea<l 
and approved. 

Mr. Gu-LETT. Mr. Speaker, it is my painful duty to 
announce to the House the death this morning of Hon. 
William C. Lovering, a Member from the State of Massa- 
chusetts. Thus endeth a long life full oi' public honors. 
He carried with him the affection of ii host of friends 
and left a name universally honored and respected. 

[5] 



Memorial Addresses: Representative Lovering 

At some later date we sliall ask that a day be set aside 
for the paying of proper tribute to his memory. 

I now offer the resolution which I send to the Clerk's 
desk. 

The Speaker. The gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. 
Gillett] offers a resolution, which the Clerk will report. 

The Clerk read as follows: 

Resolved, That the House has heard with profound sorrow of 
the death of Hon. William C. Lovering, a Representative from 
the State of Massachusetts. 

Resolved. That a committee of 15 Members of the House, with 
such Members of the Senate as may be joined, be appointed to 
attend the funeral. 

Resolved, That the Sergeant at Arms of the House be authorized 
and directed to take such steps as may be necessary for carrying 
out the provisions of these resolutions, and that the necessary 
expenses in connection therewith be paid out of the contingent 
fund of the House. 

Resolved, That the Clerk communicate these resolutions to the 
Senate and transmit a copy thereof to the family of the deceased. 

Mr. Gillett. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent 
that the Speaker be allowed to appoint this committee 
after adjournment, inasmuch as the House will adjourn 
until Monday. 

Tlie Speaker. The gentleman from Massachusetts asks 
unanimous consent that the Speaker be allowed to appoint 
this committee after adjournment and hand the names to 
the Journal clerk, with authority that the clerk journalize 
the same. Is there objection? 

There was no objection. 

The Speaker. The question is on agreeing to the reso- 
lution offered by the gentleman from Massachusetts 
[Mr. Gillett'. 

The question was taken, and the resolution was 
agreed to. 



[6] 



PKO(:i;i:r)iN(is in thk Horsi; 



The Speaker sul)si'(iueiilly announced the appointment 
of tlie following eonnnittee: 

Mr. McCall, Mr. Lawrence, Mr. Greene, Mr. Washburn, Mr. Keli- 
her, Mr. Peters, Mr. Boutell, Mr. Foster of Vermont, Mr. McCreary, 
Mr. Rartlett of Georgia, Mr. Kendall, Mr. Lee, Mr. Henry W. 
Palmer, Mr. CaUlerlu-ad, and Mr. .Sims. 

Mr. GiLLETT. Mr. Speaker, I ofter the following resolu- 
tion. 

The Speaker, The gentleman from Massachusetts offers 
a resolution, which the Clerk will report. 

The Clerk read as follows: 

Resolved, That as a further mark of respect the House do now 
adjourn. 

The resolution was agreed to. 

ADJOURNMENT. 

Accordingly (at 12 o'clock and 33 minutes p. m.) the 
House adjourned until Monday, February 7, 1910. 



May 25, 1910. 

Mr. Foss, of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I would like 
to have consent for consideration of the following order. 

The Speaker. The gentleman from Massachusetts asks 
unanimous consent for the consideration of the follow- 
ing order, which the Clerk will report. 

The Clerk read as follows: 

Ordered, That there be a session of the House on Sunday, the 
5th day of June, at 12 o'clock, to be set apart for addresses on 
the life, character, and public services of the Hon. William Croad 
LovKiiiNG, late a I^epresentativc from the State of Massachusetts. 

The Speaker. The Chair hears no objection. Without 
objection, the order is agreed to. 

There was no objection, and the order was agreed to. 

[7] 



Memorial Addresses : Representative Lovehing 



Sunday, June 5, 1910. 

The House met at 12 o'clock noon and was called to 
order l)y the Speaker pro tempore, Mr. Clillett, of Massa- 
chusetts. 

The Chaplain, Rev. Henr>' N. Coudcii, D. D., offered 
the following prayer: 

Eternal God, our Heavenly Father, we rejoice in life, 
with all its hopes and promises, that as the years come 
and go the world is growing better, since men in all the 
legitimate walks of life are living to a higher standard of 
manhood. 

That all of good the past has had 
Remains to make our own time glad. 

We thank Thee for all who by honest industry and 
clean living have left results behind them and a character 
which lives to inspire those who follow in their wake. 
Such was the man in whose memoiy we liavc assembled 
here to-day. Strong in his mentality, pure in his motives, 
firm in his convictions, his aims were high — a fine type of 
American citizenship. The elements thus blended in his 
character made him conspicuous and brought him to the 
front, and though a quiet, modest, una.ssuming man, yet 
wherever he was placed he fulfilled the high expectations 
of his countrymen. As a Representative upon the floor 
of this House he served long and well his State and 
Nation, and leaves behind him a record worthy of enmla- 
tion. And now, O God, our Father, let the blessed hope 
of immortality solace those \\ho mourn him, that they 
may look forward to the bright beyond, where sorrows 
never come; and glon,' and honor and praise be Thine 
forever. Amen. 



[8] 



Proceedings in the House 



The Journal ol' the |)i<)COO(liiigs ol' \isti'i<l:iy was read 
and approved. 

The Speakf.k pro tempore. Tlie Clerk will r<ad the spe- 
cial order for to-day. 

The Clerk read as follows: 

On motion of Mr. Foss of Massachusetts, by unanimous consent, 

Ordered. That there be a session of the House on Sunday, tlie 

5th day of June, at 12 o'cioek, to be set apart for addresses on 

the life, character, and public services of the Hon. William Ckoau 

LovF.RiNr., late a Representative from the State of Massachusetts. 

Mr. Foss, of INIassachusetts. Mr. Speaker, 1 offer the fol- 
lowing resolutions: 

The Clerk read as follows: 

Kesolved, That I lie House of Representatives has heard with 
profound sorrow of the death of Hon. William C. Lovering, late 
a Member of this House from the State of Massachusetts, which 
occurred in this lity on February 4, 1910. 

Resolved, That tlie business of the House is now suspended, 
lliat opi)orlunil\ ni;iy be given to pay tribute to his memory. 

Hesoh'cd, That as a particular mark of respect to the deceased, 
and in recognition of his distinguished public service, the House, 
at the conclusion of tlie memorial exercises of this day, shall 
stand adjourned. 

Resolved, That the Clerk communicate these resolutions to tiie 
Senate. 

Resolved, That the Clerk send a copy of these resolutions to 
the familv of tin- deceased. 



The resolutions were agreed to. 



[9] 



MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 



Address of Mr. Foss, of Massachusetts 

Mr. Speaker: We have met here to-day to pay tribute 
to tlie memory of the late William C. Lovering. I was 
not privileged to know Mr. Lovering intimately. I knew 
him but slightly, and that in a business way. 

I knew him as an honored business man at the head of 
one of our large cotton manufacturing establishments, 
and I shall refer to his activities in his city and State and 
leave for his colleagues the agreeable task of reciting his 
public services in Congress. 

Before speaking of Mr. Lovering's career, I should 
like to mention casually some of the interesting charac- 
teristics of the district which he so long and ably served. 

The fourteenth Massachusetts congressional district 
was formerly known as the Plymouth, or Old Colony, 
district. It includes about two-thirds of the coast line of 
Massachusetts, embracing Plymouth and the whole of 
Cape Cod, with its fishing and agricultural interests, and 
the large manufacturing centers of Bi'ockton and Taun- 
ton. It is thus one of the most representative districts in 
the United States and has a most thrifty and intelligent 
constituency. 

This district has been represented in Congress since 
1788 by a long line of notable men. George Partridge, 
of Duxbury, was its first Representative, and since his 



[10] 



Address of Mr. Foss, of Massachusetts 



time Marcus Morton, Jolin QuiiRv Adams, Horace Maim, 
and Jolin D. Long arc among tliose wlio have served this 
people. 

I may mention here tliat ex-President J. Q. Adams 
represented this district for 17 years after having been 
President of the United States. 

Gov. Long is the only living ex-Representative, and to- 
day enjoys the distinction of being the most popular and 
beloved man in Massachusetts. 

William CnoAn Lovering was elected in 189(), and con- 
tinued to represent this district until his death on Feb- 
ruai-j' 4, a period of nearly 13 years. He was born at 
Woonsocket, R. I., on the 25th of February', 1835. His 
father, Willard Lovering, was a native of Massachusetts; 
his mother came of ancestors who were among the early 
English settlers of New York. 

In 1837 his family moved to Taunton and his father be- 
came the managing agent of the Whittenton Manufactur- 
ing Co., a small cotton mill, which he later purchased. 

William C. Loverino got his early education at the public 
schools of Taunton, later spending some years at a private 
school in Cambridge. He was at tliat time physically 
delicate, of refined, almost artistic, tastes, passionately 
fond of music, and, except for a love of horses, little given 
to athletic pursuits. He was then, as ever, a helpful com- 
rade and a devoted son, ever earnest of purpose and faith- 
ful to duty. 

In 1859 he left school and went into his father's mill, 
there to remain till the outbreak of tiie Civil War. 

In May, 1801, he was appointed quartermaster of engi- 
neers in the Second Massachusetts Brigade, consisting of 
the Second and Tiiird Regiments, and saw some service in 
the field, but his health was delicate, and he was finally 
put on the sick list and sent back to Massachusetts. 



[11] 



Memorial Addresses: Representative Lovering 

On June 9, 1863, he married Mary Loriiig Swazey, of 
Taunton, and shortly went to Europe to spend a year seek- 
ing health among the treasures of art, which he h)ved and 
appreciated to a high degree. 

On his return he joined his father and older brother in 
the management of the Whittenton Mill, an interest to 
which he devoted himself chiefly for the rest of his life. 

In 1874 his father retired, turning over the manage- 
ment of the mill to his sons. William became president. 
It was his special duty to determine and design the goods 
to be manufactured. 

Mr. LovERiNd's thorough knowledge of machinery, his 
ingenuity, and his unfailing good taste gave to the goods 
of this mill an artistic quality which was among the chief 
assets of the company. 

Mr. Lovering's business activities were not limited to 
manufacture. He was the first president of the Taunton 
Street Railway, the president of the American Mutual 
Liability Insurance Co.. and an officer and important 
adviser in several other companies. 

In addition to his business interests Mr. Lovering was 
for more than 20 years a devoted trustee of the Taunton 
Lunatic Hospital. He was a past master of the Ionic 
Lodge of Masons and a member of the Taunton Chapter 
and Taunton Council of the Crand Army of the Republic. 
He was for two years president of the New England Cot- 
ton Manufacturers' Association and also president of the 
Arkwright Club. 

Mr. Lovering held in high regard his civic duties. He 
always found time to devote himself to anything for the 
benefit of his city, his State, or his country — to philan- 
thropic work, to public speaking, or to politics. 

\ life-long Republican, he first served his [larty as a 
State senator from Hristol County in the sessions of 1874 
and 1875. In 1876 his efforts secured for his native city 

[121 



Ai)i)Ki;ss OK Mil. Foss, of Massaciiusf.tts 

one of tlic finest waterworks systems in the country. He 
presided over the presidential delegate convention in Bos- 
ton in 1892 and was a delegate from his district to the 
convention which nominated President (larfield. 

Mrs. Lovering died in 1881, and Mr. Lovering devoted 
himself to his three daughters, one of whom was living 
with him till the end. 

Mr. Lovering was naturally quiet and reserved, but 
positive and firm in character. His high purpose and 
fidelity is well illustrated by the following quotations 
from certain letters of his, which I have been privileged 
to see. He says, in writing to one of his constituents: 

Regarding the post ofTice, I liave endeavored in all these mat- 
ters to act conscientiously and without regard to politics in the 
recommendations I have made. 

Referring then to one specific case, he says: 

I must say that 1 was not influenced by political motives on 
one side or altruism on the other. I simply did what seemed to 
me just and right, and must take the consequences whatever 
Ihcy be. 

As showing his breadth of views toward those who 
opposed him in the j)arty, I quote from a letter written 
in 1904: 

I can easily understand that opponents of mine who liave 
become such through disappointments in post-ofTice selections, 
who attribute some of their political disappointments to mc or 
my friends, are perfectly willing to seize upon any eligible candi- 
date to run against me. These conditions run through the warp 
and woof of public service and must always be reckoned with 
in every campaign. 

Personally I have no feeling against any of these men, and 
there is not one of them for whom I would not be glad to do a 
favor. I feel quite sure they do not understand me. 



[131 



Memorial Addresses: Hei'Resentative Lovering 

Again, in the same letter, in speaking of his own service 
to the district, he says: 

I have tried, with all my heart, to serve every one of my con- 
stituents with my whole ability and have labored most assidu- 
ously to study the wants of the people, and so far as lay in my 
power have met them to their satisfaction. 

In addition to this I have interested myself in the great indus- 
trial and economic questions of the country, knowing that what- 
ever would benefit our industries would make for the advantage 
of every citizen in the district, State, and country. I have never 
paraded myself or my work in these matters, and perhaps in this 
I have made a mistake by not publishing broadcast a complete 
record of my doings, bills, and speeches, and also a great num- 
ber of communications which I have received from all over the 
country. Distasteful as this is to me, it might have been good 
politics to have taken this course. 

These extracts show his unselfish loyalty to his constit- 
uency, his devotion to his work, and his natural disin- 
clination to advance himself by any course which savored 
of self-advertising. 

I recall a conversation with him relative to his work in 
Congress, and I remember with a great deal of pleasure 
his commendation of the fight which 1 was making for 
tarifiT revision and reciprocity. 

He was most liberal in his views on public questions 
and particularly on the tariff, as is well known. His 
name will always be remembered in legislation as an 
advocate of the drawback principle in our tariff policy, 
which he sponsored during liis whole career in Congress. 

He long recognized that the time had come when not 
only New England, but the whole country', must 
strengthen its industrial position by having free raw 
materials and a broader policy with reference to entering 
foreign markets. 

I have sometimes thought that his advocacy of a more 
liberal tariff policy during the long period in which he 

[14] 



AnDHKSS OF Mu. Foss, oi Massacui m.ms 

represented the Cape district may in part liavc accuimtcd 
lor the remarkable vote wliich this constituencj' gave me 
as his successor. 

His last years were devoted to tiie service of his coun- 
try. Wiiih' Ills strenglii was still failing he stayed at his 
post at the lia/.ar<l of his life, and died literally in the 
harness. 

Deatli was douhlless hastened by his anxiety for the 
public i)usiness, for he left his sick bed against the advice 
of his physician to visit the White House on a matter of 
public interest then pending. He returned to his home 
and to his bed, never to arise from it again. 

He was a man of purest life, honorable, patriotic, and 
unselfishly devoted to his family, bis friends, and tiie 
district he served so long. 

Courteous, kindly, and just, he was equally fair and 
considerate to friend as to opponent, to the humble as to 
the most powerful. 



[151 



Addkkss Of Mr. Norris, of Nebraska 

Mr. Speaker: I can not permit this occasion to pass 
without offering my weak tribute to the memory of that 
noble son of Massachusetts, William C. Loverinu. Quiet 
and unassuming in disposition, but deep and analyzing 
in mind and character, his service here not only re- 
dounded to the credit and honor of his own great Com- 
monwealth, but his wise counsel and deliberate judgment 
formed a mighty power in shaping and molding the pro- 
gressive thought of our advancing civilization. While 
he lived beyond the years of the ordinary man, yet his 
life is a living emblem of sacrifice to principle and to 
duty. In the early days of his youthful strength he lost 
his health in patriotic service to his country during the 
darkened days of our great civil strife; and in the mature 
years of his ripened manhood he sacrificed his life upon 
the altar of his country in an overburdened and patriotic 
service in the halls of Congress. The physical body, 
weakened in the service of his country in youth, was 
unable to keep up the pace set by the ripened, strenuous 
brain of manhood. And so our friend and brother 
stepped aside from life's pathway, and, amid flowers 
planted by his own liand, lay down to eternal rest. 

By his long and faithfid service here he had attained a 
position of power and influence on one of the greatest 
committees of the House, and yet he sacrificed that place 
and gave up power, influence, and patronage in de- 
fense of a principle which he believed to be just and 
fundamental. 



[16] 



Ar)i)Ki;ss of Mr. Noituis, oi Nmiuiaska 



Far bf it Iroin my iiiti'iilion on this occasion to utter 
any word of censure or criticism against any man; but, 
nevertheless, it ought to be said, to the ghny and in the 
defense of the dead, that honor rightly his, influence 
fairly earned, and power honestly acquired were all 
ruthlessly thrust aside when he believed that in order to 
retain them he must violate a principle which in his 
heart he believed to be right. It is not necessai-y for us 
to even agree with him in his idea in order to be moved 
in admiration of his courage and in a conscientious desire 
to pay a loving tribute to iiis memory. 

His long and faithful service to his country will mark 
a page in our histoiT emblazoned with the record of 
deeds of honor, of wisdom, of patriotism, and of fidelity. 
His many deeds of kindness and of mercy to those who 
were more unfortunate than himself will redound to the 
happiness and joy not only of those who still live, but to 
many who are yet unborn. As the gathering shadows 
were enshrouding him as he was entering the thickening 
mists of tlie mysterious realm he could have looked back 
over the road he had trod and seen all along life's path- 
way emblems of his generosity and his benevolence. If 
everyone to whom lie had done a kind act or gentle deed 
could to-day stand around his open grave, tliere would 
be a nmltilude of voices exclaiming, in the words that 
were said of liini who died on Strato's sword: 

His life was gentle; and the elements 

So mix't in him that Nature might stand up, 

And say to all the world, " This was a man! " 

And so from out the loyal, distant West I bring to the 
waiting, patriotic East — to the bier of Massachusetts's 
honored son — a tribute of respect, of honor, and of love. 
We who remain can honor him the most by a united 



93664°— 11 2 [17] 



1 



^Memorial Aduresses: Representative Lovering 

fidelity to the flag he loved so well — by a faithful, patriotic 
service to the countiy for which he gave his life. The 
busy world scarce waits while we pay tribute to our 
departed friends. Life's battle goes on, and while we 
struggle amidst the toil and strife Death is gathering in 
the chosen ones. And after all it is well, because death — 
the common lot of all— is but the gathering of the 
shadows; the passing of the night that must be followed 
by the dawning of the day. And so I say that death hath 
lost its sting. We bow our heads and weep for those just 
gone before, while all around the heedless world is strug- 
gling on. We know that others soon must weep; that 
other ones will strive, while we, on yonder shore, will 
watch and wait. It matters little where we stand if all 
our lives are true, because our friends are waiting there 
while we are waiting here. 
And thus I say: 

I never stand above a bier and see 

The seal of death on some well-loved face 
But that I think — one more to welcome me 

When I shall cross the intervening space 
Between this land and that one over there; 
One more to make the strange Beyond seem fair. 
And so for me there nothing is in death, 

And so the grave has lost its victory; 
It is but crossing with abated breath 

And white-set face, a little strip of sea. 
To find the loved ones waiting on the shore. 
More beautiful, more precious than before. 



[18] 



Address of Mr. McCall, of Massachusetts 

Mr. Speaker: Our late colleague, in niemoi->' of wlioin 
the House is assembled to-day, rendered his Coninioii- 
wealth and the Nation valuable and faithful service dur- 
ing the 13 years that he spent as a Member of this body. 
His successor and the gentleman from Nebraska, Nvho 
have just spoken, eloquently bear witness of his high 
place in their regard. I join them and those who are yet 
to speak in paying tribute to his memory. I will simply 
add a few words to express my own deep sense of per- 
sonal loss and of the high esteem in which I held him. 

I first knew him some 18 years ago, when, as the chair- 
man of the Republican State convention of Massachusetts, 
he made a speech which impressed me with the great 
force and vigor with wiiich lie discussed the issues of that 
time. I was a fellow Member with him during the entire 
period of his service in this House. By his early training 
and from long association he was especially fitted to deal 
with questions of a financial and of an industrial char- 
acter, and it was with such measures that he was specially 
identified here. He was also deeply concerned in ques- 
tions which had a humanitarian side. 

We all remember the keen interest which he showed 
in the well-being of those men who patrol our vast 
stretches of seacoast, who go out in their little lifeboats 
across the angry breakers in order to save the lives of 
their fellow men, and how he was concerned to make suit- 
able provision for the declining years of those heroes after 
their active years had been spent in their humane and 
dangerous calling. 

[191 



Memori.vi. Addresses: Representative Lovering 

He also, in the committee of which he was a member, 
showed a deep interest in measures which tended to 
banish from the ocean the remnants of barbarities which 
still linger and which have come down to us from former 
centuries. 

He was, as I have said, especially concerned in great 
measures of a financial and industrial character, and dur- 
ing his service here rendered the country most valuable 
service in connection with legislation relating to finance, 
taxation, and commerce. 

His departure is a great loss to his friends, to the House, 
to the country, and to his Commonwealth. He upheld 
here the high traditions which had been maintained by 
the Representatives of the district which he served. His 
life will be an example to the young men of to-day and of 
the future, and will inspire them with the ambition to 
render faithful service to their countrj'. 



[20] 



Address of Mr. Kfxiher, of Massachusetts 

Mr. Speaker: Though horn in Rhode Island, our hite 
colleague, William Cro.\u Lovering. was essentially a 
product of Massachusetts, for, having in youth hecome 
her son by adoption, he continued in manhood one of 
her most useful, respected, and distinguished citizens. 

Those rugged traits which have ever characterized the 
people of Massachusetts, and to which they owe the com- 
manding position of their State among her sisters, were 
splendidly typified in the dead statesman whose memory 
we honor to-daj^ 

William Croad Lovering was honest, lutellcctual, ener- 
getic, and patriotic. Although he chose a business career 
the nature of whicli demanded continuous attention, he 
did not permit it to so occupy him as to render him indif- 
ferent to the duties good citizenship imposes. He gave 
generously of his time and talents for the promotion of 
the general weal, and no public service was so unim- 
portant as to be overlooked or shirked. 

Due recognition uf these civic duties liberally taxed 
time and energy upon which his growing business enter- 
prises had a prior claim. If more citizens of the type of 
William C. Lovering as willingly and patriotically per- 
formed their share of tlie duties which rightfully devolve 
upon American citizenship, fewer demagogues would 
occupy public office and a higlier standard of elliciency 
and honesty would characterize the public service. 

Mr. Speaker, ^\■hen grim war visited our lair land, 
and upon the success at anus depended whether a great 

[21] 



Memorial Addresses: Representative Lovering 

political principle should stand or fall, William C. Lover- 
ing hastened to join the patriotic hosts that rallied to the 
suppoit of Lincoln. His keen sense of duty manifested 
itself in war as in peace, and to such a spirit as he dis- 
played when occasion demanded we owe that national 
solidarity that makes us at once the most powerful and 
respected Nation upon God's earth. 

In business life our late colleague achieved marked 
success, and yet it was never even whispered that his suc- 
cess was accomplished by other than strictly honorable 
means. In his public life William C. Lovering was right- 
fully regarded as a sound, able, conscientious, and pro- 
gressive public servant. Nature had blessed him with 
an excellent mind, which was supplemented by thorough 
education, exhaustive study, and extensive travel. He 
enjoyed great familiarity with the general history of the 
Nation and his mind was well stored with thoroughly 
digested views upon her complex economic, industrial, 
and political problems. 

Recognizing tliat the most successful way to administer 
the Government was through the agency of parties, 
William Cboad Lovering subscribed and adhered to the 
principles and policies of the Republican Party. Though 
he was a strong partisan, he was first a patriot, and party 
allegiance did not bind him to that which he believed 
inimical to the best interests of the whole country. 

In Congress he occupied a prominent and influential 
position to the very day upon which his life work ended. 
As we here in Congress appreciated his worth, so did his 
constituency, for it retained him in the ofBce for 13 years 
and would have continued to do so had not his health 
so failed as to force him to announce his wish to retire, 
a desire which death soon granted. 

Mr. Speaker, our late colleague was an impressive fig- 
ure. Dignified, though extremely kind, courtly, and ever 

[22] 



AonRKss oi Mr. Kelhiek, oi- Massachi smrs 

courteous, iiis dcpartiirt' through death from this body is 
mourned by its entire membership, while his loss to his 
State can best be measured by the widespread and gen- 
uine grief which the knowledge of his demise occasioned. 
His death leaves a gap in the public service of Massa- 
chusetts whicli will be exceedingly hard to fdl. May his 
type in the public service multiply. 



[23] 



Address of Mr. Peters, of Massachusetts 

Mr. Speaker: By a nature direct and sympathetic Wil- 
liam Croad Lovering drew to himself many friends, and 
their loyalty and love for him grew greater as the years 
went on. As one of these friends it is my privilege to pay 
my last respects to him whose memory I shall always 
treasure. 

William Croad Lovering was, when he died, the oldest 
Representative of tlic oldest Slate of the Union. In the 
center of his district stands the famous rock where Eng- 
lish feet first trod in settling this new land, their land of 
hope and freedom, their new- England. Southward and 
eastward from Plymouth Rock swings out into the North 
Atlantic the great, flat, sandy elbow of Cape Cod, of which 
the long white dunes and the dry swishing spear grass are 
no more distinctive and characteristic than its fine old 
fisher people. Inland from Plymouth lie the manufactur- 
ing centers of Brockton and Bridgewater, with a popula- 
tion radically different from that of the shore. Indeed, 
that little district is an epitome of all New England, and 
of all that was best in tliat district William Croad Lov- 
ering was truly a representative. 

He had the same strength of character that inspired his 
forefathers to hew out for themselves, from the wintiy 
woods of Massachusetts, homes and hearths, the light of 
which illumined a continent. Like the Pilgrims, bodily 
weakness could not stay him from his work. With grim 
perseverance he fought tlie fight through to the end, gen- 
tle, unflinching, until he was called from his duty. Stead- 



[24] 



i 



Address of Mr. Pktkhs, oi Massacih skits 

fast, but gentle, he was, witli the gentleness of those liardy 
settlers who could lay down their smoking weapons and 
at a moment's notice become a loving father and a genial 
friend. 

.\lthough he was above all an earnest man and one wlio 
plowed each luirow to llic end, Mr. Lovering's activities 
were not confined to a single branch of public service. He 
was a leader in building up the great industries of our 
State; he served for a short term in the war; and he par- 
ticipated in the government of Massachusetts while some 
of us were in the cradle. We who knew him as a Mem- 
ber of this body need not recall the traits he showed here, 
the traits that made us love and respect liini, the traits that 
made his Massachusetts colleagues point to him proudly 
as the dean of our delegation, a type of tiie founders of 
our State and of the Union. 

As firm he stood in his convictions as that famous bit of 
granite lying in his old district by the blue waters of the 
bay, and his convictions were broad and based upon no 
blind refusal to acknowledge the inevitable change of con- 
ditions. He stood always in the fore front of the line, 
swinging his ax witli the rest, not harking back too often 
to past accomplishments, but intent on clearing from the 
tangled wilderness of problems which has grown up to 
confront us a place for a new liberty, a still more glorious 
peace, prosperity, and union. 

When on that winter's day we saw the flags on Capitol 
Hill streaming at half-mast in the sunshine, and when we 
learned that one more colleague w'&s enrolled forever in 
the great nuijority of the hereafter, looking back upon the 
life and work of William Croad Loverino as we had 
known him, we must all have united in a single thought, 
however differently expressed, " Well done, thou good 
and faithful sei-vant." 



[25] 



Address of Mr. Booher, of Missouri 

Mr. Speaker: It is fitting that we should meet here 
to-day in this special session to honor the memory, to 
recount the valued services, and to review the life of 
William C. Lovering, for 13 years a Member of this House 
from the fourteenth Massachusetts district. 

As a comparatively new Member of this body, I shall 
not attempt to dwell at length upon the public career of 
this great and good man. Others have told and will tell 
of the many noble traits of character that endeared him 
for so long to his constituents and his colleagues, and I 
have listened with approval to every word that has been 
said here by these veterans in the service. 

Yet, during my limited acquaintance with Mr. Lovering, 
I had grown to love, to admire, and to respect him to the 
fullest extent. He was a man that inspired these things. 
He deserved and enjoyed the esteem of the entire mem- 
bership of this House; he was as considerate of the novice 
in national legislative service as of the man of more 
mature years who had fought side Ijy side with him 
through many political battles. 

When I first met him I recall that I was particularly 
struck with his genial bearing, his uniform courtesy, his 
regard for the feeling of others, and, above all, his con- 
scientious devotion to duty as he saw it. Mr. Lovering 
disagreed with many of us in his political views; he was 
a fearless ad\ocate of what he believed to be right, but 
no man within my hearing to-day can say that he ever 
took an unfair advantage of an adversary, or, to use one 
of the expressions of the day, that he " hit below the belt." 

[2G] 



Adbhecss of Mh. BooiiKH, or Missoi lu 



And thus it was that his indepciulciit altitudi', coupk-d 
with his spirit of fair play and his unwavering loyalty 
to his friends, his constituency, and his country, won for 
him here at the Capitol a reputation that might well he 
the envy of any man in puhlic service to-day. 

Mr. LovERiNG entered Congress after he had passed the 
sixtieth milestone of life's journey, at an age when less 
anihitious men are thinking of cessation from life's strug- 
gles and of deeds performed rather than those to he per- 
formed. Prior to this time he had served with distinc- 
tion in the Massachusetts Legislature. There, as here, he 
was alwaj's the exponent of uprightness in civil affairs; 
and there, as here, he made friends that mourn him 
sincerely to-daj'. 

.\ man of means, successful in business, influential in 
big as well as little things, he has left behind him a record 
of good works, and his career to-day should be an inspira- 
tion to the younger generations. 

Massachusetts has lost one of her most valued citizens, 
this House one of its most beloved Members, and the 
Nation one of its most valiant public servants in the pass- 
ing of William C. Lovering. 



[27] 



Address of Mr. Tirrell, of Massachusetts 

Mr. Speaker: In the death of our associate we mourn 
the loss of a business man in politics. It is natural for 
a professional man to be attracted by public affairs. His 
professional employment is of a semipublic character. 
This leads him into legislative or political associations in 
which he finds a broad field for the exercise of talents 
which his education and experience have fitted him. 
With the business man it is otherwise. His tastes lead 
him in an opposite direction, so that when you find the 
business man with an aptitude for public life and success- 
ful also in business administration, you have an ideal man 
as a legislative guide, counselor, and creator. Such, 
emphatically, was our late associate, to whom we to-day 
pay our last tribute of respect and rapprcciation. 

William C. Lovering, upon the completion of his school 
life, entered into the manufacturing business with his 
father in the control of the Whittenton Mills, located at 
Taunton, Mass., one of the leading corporations in this 
line of work in New England. The artistic side of the 
work done, requiring taste, skill, combination, and thor- 
ough study, was under his direction, and constituted one 
of the most valuable assets of the company. 

In addition he interested himself for the benefit of 
his city and State, socially, financially, and educationally. 

He was prominent in Masonic circles and a member of 
his local Grand Army of the Republic post. 

He had the interests of the toiler at heart, as State 
senator voting for a 10-hour law in Massachusetts, and 

[28] 



AdDKESS of Mh. TlRRKl.l., 01 MASSACIirSETTS 

later, in national legislation, laboring lor an 8-hour law 
to apply throughout the United States. 

He entered Congress late in life, with an established 
business reputation and in tiie full maturity of his powers. 
He was equipped for the service. His accurate judgment 
and great experience armed him for the conflict along 
industrial lines. His practical knowledge and long and 
varied investigations of business problems had given him 
the requisite information to meet their solution with facts 
to sustain his contentions with ability and force. Par- 
ticularly was this true as to what appertained to the cotton 
industry, in which he was an expert. He was an ardent 
advocate of drawback legislation, the object being thereby 
to increase our export trade. Representing a seaboard 
district, he was untiring in securing better conditions for 
members of our life-saving stations along the coast. As a 
member of the Committee on Banks and Banking, he 
advocated zealously certain currency reforms, which were 
original and valuable contributions to this most intricate 
and delicate legislation. 

He denounced gambling in futures of the necessities 
of life and was much interested in a bill designed to 
prevent the same. In these and similar matters he was 
bold and fearless. You might not agree with all of them, 
but you could not but respect his views and admire his 
independence and often original action. A study of his 
congressional action can not fail to show some of his 
notable characteristics. He was pertinacious. He was 
not easily discouraged. He did not drop a matter because 
the majority were against him. He returned again and 
again to the charge. If his original proposition was voted 
down, again it would appear, perhaps in a changed or 
modified form, and be pushed forward with enthusiasm. 
If defeated, it did not discourage him, but .stimulated him 
to renewed effort under different conditions. He saw 

[29] 



Memokiai, Aodkesshs: Hephesentativk Loverinc. 

that in the evolution of events the rejected stone not infre- 
quently became the headstone in the corner. His business 
activities taught him the valuable lesson of patience and 
untiring work. He knew well that changes were brought 
about by education and enlightened opinion, the result 
of line upon line and precept upon precept. He realized 
that moral ideas must, as it were, percolate among the 
people before their general adoption. The people must 
consider them, turn them over for examination on every 
side, test them, argue against them to bring out their 
defects, discuss them until a general interest in them was 
created and some general action upon them demanded, 
before they were adopted. Even if not adopted, a more 
rational, careful, critical view of the subject would follow. 
Thus his shrewdness, liis practical common sense, liis 
knowledge of the world, and his adaptability to circum- 
stances made him victorious in his political battles and 
won for him much respect as a legislator. 

He was happy in his domestic relations, having one 
daughter who married into a distinguished family in 
Massachusetts, and another who was his constant com- 
panion and solace of his later years. 

His health was failing for some time before he left us. 
His friends remarked upon his weakened powers long 
before the end came. His courage, however, remained 
unshaken, an<l he hoped again to resume the battle. Even 
before the present session began, and while he was at his 
summer home, his friends with liim then noticed tlie 
change. He spent the summers at a noted resort by the 
shore, a resort not open to the general public, but occupied 
by congenial friends and relatives as a sort of family 
hotel. It was on a prominent bluff by the sea. 11 was 
located in his district. A few miles away was the liarbor 
of Plymouth, famous in song and story. The Pilgrim 
towns were around liim, whose history was to him an 

[301 



Addkkss 01 Mh. TiHui.i.i., 01 Massacih si:tts 

inspiration to patriotism and a guide to the highest puhlic 
life. Near by was the famous Miuot Ledge Lighthouse, 
illuminating that rock-hound coast. INIav it not he tliat in 
tliis, among his closing (hiys, willi liiat mind that liad been 
so active, that lu art tliat had glowed for l)etter industrial 
con<iifions. tliaf imagination that, combined with facts, 
had l)een i)articularly useful to liis people, he could liear 
across tiie waters even tlien the call for him. 

Sunset and uvoning star 

And ont' clear call for nie, 
And may tlicie be no mourning of llie bar 

Wlien 1 put out to sea; 
But such a tide as, moving, seems asleep, 

Too full for sound and foam, 
When that which drew from out the boundless deep 

Turns again home. 

Twilight and evening bell 

And after that the dark; 
And may there be no sadness of farewell 

When I embark; 
For though from out our bourne of time and place 

The flood may bear me far, 
I hope to see my Pilot face to face 

When I have crossed the bar. 



[31] 



Address oi Mr. O'Connell, of Massaciiisetts 

Mr. Speaker: The advent of death is always impressive. 
Although the inevitable fate of even- mortal, it never 
comes without forcibly attracting attention from all those 
who are closely associated with him who receives the 
summons. In the family this is particularly true, and in 
the American Congress, where men are closely associated 
through the common interests that bring them here, in- 
fluenced in their daily life by a mutual desire for the 
welfare of our whole Nation, there are veiy strong family 
ties. The sudden breaking of these ties by death brings 
to us all a feeling of great sadness and sorrow. The 
announcement of the death of our colleague, William 
Crc-vd Lovering, who had for so many years represented 
the fourteenth congressional district of Massachusetts, 
was not really expected, and was a message which 
shocked us all. 

My late colleague and myself were of different political 
faiths. Until we met in this Chamber we were strangers. 
He was the Nestor of the congressional delegation from 
Massachusetts. I was the youngest Member, but shortly 
after our meeting we becaine warm friends. I had occa- 
sion on various matters to consult him and to seek his 
affvice and counsel. His ripe experience and splendid 
training admirably equipped him to direct and counsel 
a yoimger man like myself. At all times I found him 
ready, willing, agreeable, and anxious to help and aid me. 

Mr. Lovering. through his large business interests as a 
cotton manufacturer and active director in many large 

[32] 



Address of Mr. O'Connell, of Massac iuseits 

and successful enterprises, had acquainted himself with 
the great principles that underlie and govern all com- 
mercial movements and made him familiar with the hig 
prohlems of the age. He impressed me as a man who 
preferred, ahove all things, to have justice done. Always 
insisting upon strict compliance with provisions of the 
law, he at the same time abhorred red tape. 

I do not wish to let this occasion pass by without com- 
menting upon one incident that veiy much impressed me 
with the caliber and character of my late colleague. 

The United States Government had condemned land for 
a powder magazine in Hingham, a town in his district. 
Several of the property owners, some of whom lived in 
my district, possessed small holdings, and the Navy De- 
partment was unwilling to pay them what they considered 
a fair price. Recourse was had by the Government to the 
courts, which sustained the property owners. The United 
States officials were displeased with the courts, and sought 
to take advantage of a technicality that permitted the Gov- 
ernment to avail itself of a verdict of a jurj' or to put it 
aside if it so desired. The mere stating of this proposition 
appeared monstrous to Mr. Loverinc. He could not un- 
derstand why the Government should have rights that the 
individual citizen did not have; that if the individual was 
bound by a verdict of the court, the Government should 
also be bound when it was a party to the controversy. 
Several attempts had been made to show the Government 
officials the injustice of their attitude, but all seemed to be 
in vain, until one day I enlisted the assistance of Mr. 

LOVEHING. 

He immediately took the matter up and in brief time 
convinced the officials that their course was unmanly, un- 
fair, and unjust. He went immediately to the heart of the 
subject and wasted no time or energj^ on useless features 
of the controversy. His presentation of tlie matter, his 

93664"— 11 3 [33] 



Memorial Addresses: Representative Lovering 

just indignation at the indifference of the department offi- 
cials to the rights of the people, and his clearly stated de- 
termination to have the matter called to the attention of 
Congress quickly induced the department officials to 
abandon their attitude and to abide bj' the decision of 
their own court. 

All through this incident Mr. Lovering displayed those 
talents that justified his district in sending him here for 
so many j'ears. He was the ideal Congressman. The in- 
terests of all his constituents were vei'y dear to him, and 
were jealously guarded by him. He was attentive, care- 
ful, progressive, and well informed. 

His field of effort was not confined alone to his district, 
but extended to the Nation. He had received an excel- 
lent business training before his advent into public life, 
and his experience in the Massachusetts senate added the 
necessary qualifications to make him a very efficient Con- 
gressman. 

Although he was a manufacturer and naturally inclined 
to view legislation which affected manufacturing interests 
from the angle of view of a capitalist, still it must be said 
of him that he had a vei-y fair sense of justice to all who 
were concerned. 

In 1874 he was a member of the committee on manufac- 
tures in the Massachusetts senate. Several bills had been 
introduced from j'ear to year regulating the hours of labor 
in the manufacturing establishments in Massachusetts, 
but the first bill enacted into law in that State, and, if I 
am not mistaken, the first bill to pass any legislature in 
the Nation which would regulate the hours of labor, was 
passed in 1874. As a member of this committee Mr. Lov- 
ering played a most important part in the deliberations of 
the committee and the final passage of the bill. As a man- 
ufacturer, he felt very strongly that the whole business 
interests where manufacturing was concerned were 

[34] 



Address oi Mk. O'Connhi.l, ok Massacihsktis 

seriously involved by the passage of the hill, hut no 
man in that senate gave it any more earnest support than 
he did. 

Hon. Andrew J. Bailey, who was at thai lime cliainnan 
of the senate coniniitlee an<l who for many years has been 
a leading lawyer in Boston, in a recent conversation told 
me that Mr. Lovering constantly aided him and the com- 
mittee by his advice and suggestions. Several times the 
bill was in danger of defeat, when amendments were at- 
tached to it which Mr. Lovering believed were full of 
harm, some urged by zealous advocates of advanced ideas 
and others by those who were jealously afraid of any leg- 
islation aflfecting the manufacturing interests, but Mr. Lov- 
ering, through his firm stand, influenced the committee to 
pass the bill. Mr. Bailey recently wrote me as follows : 

I have always fell thai greal credil should be given Mr. Lov- 
ering for Ihe passage of the first bill regulating the hours of 
labor in the manufacturing establishments in Massachusetts. This 
occurred in 1874, when Mr. Lovering was a member of the 
Massachusetts senate. I regarded his action as indicating that 
he had a heart full of sympathy with the mill workers and was 
ready to do everything in his power to better their condition. 

Mr. Lovering's effort to bring about an amendment to 
the United States Constitution for the purpose of estab- 
lishing a universal eight-hour labor day in this country 
clearly showed that he was possessed of progressive and 
humane ideas. 

A man of refined tastes, of gentle and reserved disposi- 
tion, one who by his austere manner might possibly be 
regarded as an aristocrat, if such term may be applied in 
this countiy, he was, nevertheless, a true democrat in the 
full sense of the term. He believed in full equality and 
was not willing to see vast fortunes made by greedy, 
thoughtless capital at the expense of the toiling masses 
handicapped by unequal laws. 

[35] 



Memorial Addresses: Representative Loverin(. 

We may differ about the wisdom of regulating the 
hours of labor; organized labor may not meet the ap- 
proval of many, hut the fact remains that the splendid 
efforts of organized labor in recent years have helped and 
bettered the condition of the toiling masses of this Nation. 
Mr. LovERiNG in seeking to establish an eight-hour law was 
endeavoring to put into practice the teachings and obser- 
vations which he had gathered from his own life and 
from the lives of those with whom he was most intimately 
associated. 

Some prominent college presidents and hostile oppo- 
nents of labor movements have insisted that men should 
be permitted to work as they pleased and as long as they 
pleased, forgetting the fact that every college in this land 
confines its students to limited hours of study; that this 
limitation is not confined merely to the hours of the day, 
but to the days of the week and the months of the year; 
that a vacation is prescribed; and if the combined wisdom 
of centuries has said that a man should not study more 
than a given number of hours, can it be said that the col- 
lective wisdom of the best friends of the laboring man, 
which announces that hours of labor must be limited, is 
in any way out of harmony with the best thought of the 
ages? 

Mr. LovERiNC. believed that the establishment of this 
law would bring great changes to the manufacturing 
establishments of both tlie North and South, would 
equalize conditions, elevate the toilers and better their 
condition, while at the same time it gave the manufac- 
turers in all parts of the Nation equal chances and no ad- 
vantages over each other. That he failed in securing the 
passage of this law was not to his discredit. He was a 
pioneer and, like the pioneers of all great movements, 
was not permitted to see the day when the full accom- 
plishment of his purpose would be acknowledged; but 

[36] 



I 



Address of Mr. O'Connell, of Massachusetts 

the great improvement everywhere ohserved, and the 
tendcncv of our age to limit the hours of hibor and toil, 
because wisdom dictates that the best results can be 
achieved through limited hours of labor, must have 
afforded him great comfort in his last hours. 

But he did not stop at a single effort. His splendid 
propaganda introducing the well-known " drawback " 
clause into our tariff law attracted to him great attention 
and brought down upon liim the enmity of many men 
who had settled notions about the doctrine of protection. 
Mr. Lovering's persistency in advocating this advanced 
doctrine, which, briefly stated, permits the importation 
free of duty of the products of other lands for the pur- 
pose of manufacture here if the manufactured article is 
immediately reshipped for sale in foreign parts, won for 
him many friends, but made for him many enemies. 
This fact did not deter him, for he was a brave man, 
courageous, conscious of the dignity of a position rightly 
taken and steadfastly adhered to. The drawback pro- 
vision worked out in its fullness means the employment 
of thousands of men who are, in most cases, highly quali- 
fied artisans. These men could not find work in this 
country without this provision. It carries with it, also, 
the investment of capital here in our own land which 
otherwise would be diverted to other parts. 

Through this drawback legislation Mr. Lovering was 
best known to the citizens of New England. The indus- 
trial and manufacturing parts of this Nation knew him 
well because of his constant activity in advocating this 
doctrine, and it is pretty generally recognized that one of 
the strong ties that bound Mr. Lovering to his district was 
the firm and sincere appreciation of his constituents, who 
will remember all his determined efforts in this direction. 

He represented the historic " Old Colony " district. In 
the First Congress of this Nation this district was repre- 

[37] 



Memorial Addresses: Representative Lovering 

sented, and its lines have been practically the same down 
to the present day. Part of my district was included in 
this in the early days and was represented by John Quincy 
Adams, once a President of the United States. The Pil- 
grims landed in this district, and although Plymouth is 
known to the world as the landing place of the Pilgrims, 
Mr. Lovering, with a love for historical accuracy, was able 
to secure an appropriation to mark the first landing place 
on this continent at Provincetown of those wanderers 
from across the sea who were seeking a home where they 
might worship God according to their own consciences. 

The traditions and history of these people who settled 
in the Old Colony have developed in the fourteenth dis- 
trict a very independent group of citizens, who prefer 
the achievement of high ideals to the success so often 
attained by cheap pandering to popular tastes. Their 
independence of thought is a heritage from the Puritans 
and Pilgrims, and the succeeding generation of later 
arrivals have adopted tlie ideas of the first settlers and 
have strengthened and intensified them by their splendid 
energy. 

The combined district, stretching from the tip of Cape 
Cod to the sands of Nantasket, including the great manu- 
facturing cities of Taunton and Brockton, with a sea- 
coast of 125 miles and a farming population of many 
thousands, indicates that this population must be diversi- 
fied. Farming, fishing, manufacturing, with their allied 
interests, are about equally divided. 

The prosperity of the district is general, although not 
of such a pronounced character as to develop men of vast 
wealth. The character of the manhood and citizenship 
of this district could only be satisfied by the personality 
and the independent character such as Mr. Lovering's. 

It would not be fair to conclude my tribute to his 
memory without commenting upon the fact that there is 

[38] 



Address of Mr. O'Connell, of Massachusetts 

one class of men in tliis country w iio will l)i' forever grate- 
ful and who will cherish with loving and lasting nicmorj' 
the achievements of our late colleague. I refer to that 
band of brave, heroic men who patrol the coasts of our 
Nation, known to the world as life-savers. This branch 
of the Government service had been the most neglected 
and underpaid of any department. Although the work 
of saving lives and property and warning mariners of 
the treacheries of the uneven coast were daily before the 
notice of every traveler of the sea, yet at no time had 
suitable legislative provision been accorded them; but Mr. 
LovERiNG, through his persistent work and his complete 
knowledge of the wonderful parts they played, secured 
legislation which brought from the life-savers of the 
United States a testimonial and approval in the form of 
a loving cup as a token of their high regard. 

At his country home, at the Glades in Scituate, where 
the waves dashed highest when the storms broke, he had 
often seen these brave, gallant, heroic men saving the 
lives of those who were unfortunately found upon the 
sea at the time when the winds and waves were lashed 
into almost invincible fury. The impression made on 
him by the splendid, intelligent work of these fearless 
guardians urged him on to a vigorous effort, which was 
successful. 

His death is a loss to Massachusetts and to the Nation. 
His district has lost a sincere friend and careful guardian. 
The policy of Massachusetts in sending a business man, 
thoroughly equipped, to the coimcils of the Nation has 
been amply justified. It is well that in the ranks of the 
lawmakers there should be other thaiv those who are 
familiar with the drafting of laws — acquainted with the 
laws. It is wise action that sends into Congress men who 
understand the larger movements of business and the 
significance of laws when applied to commercial enter- 

[39] 



Memorial Addresses: Representative Lovering 

prises. This body should be composed of men represent- 
ing all the best elements of our life — its industrial, com- 
mercial, laboring, and professional. The Old Colony dis- 
trict was signally honored in having a business man of 
ripe experience and large interests as its Representative. 
Massachusetts was decidedly fortunate in having Mr. 
Lovering as one of her Representatives. He has added 
glory to his Commonwealth and has left behind him in the 
Nation a reputation for honesty of purpose, fearlessness 
in the pursuit of his ideals, and independence in thought 
and action that is typical of the State he represented 
and the people who honored him. 



[40] 



Address of Mr. Miller, of Minnesota 

Mr. Speaker: Wc often fiiul ourselves wondering 
whence came to us some thought, some ideal, some trait 
of character whose origin is not clear to the vision. Not 
unlikely, if the truth he learned, it will he found that the 
ohject of our wonder has been assimilated from some 
acquaintance, even from one but slightly known to us, 
whose character wc respect and whose qualities we ad- 
mire. Such is the influence exerted, in general uncon- 
sciously, by those of true worth who are associated with 
their fellows. It demonstrates that a kindly act is an in- 
fluence more potent than written doctrine; that a worthy 
deed is the greatest teacher in the world. Such an influ- 
ence and such a teacher among the membership of this 
House was William C. Lovering, late a Member from Mas- 
sachusetts. 

Even to those of us who have but recently entered upon 
our duties here, and who knew him but slightly, his pres- 
ence was a benediction and his fidelitj' to tlie right, as he 
saw the right, an inspiration. Quiet and calm, kind and 
sweet, yet firm and strong, he had lived the life and knew 
the way. 

I was impressed by the sturdiness of his character on 
the occasion when I first saw him. He was in consulta- 
tion with a group of his fellow Members. It was a serious, 
an important, consultation, one that had to do with the 
welfare of the Nation and his own personal fortunes. 
After reviewing the situation and expressing his judg- 
ment upon the proper plan to adopt, he added, and though 

[41J 



Memorial Addresses: Representative Lovering 

his voice trembled somewhat from age, it rang firm and 
true : 

This, gentlemen, is ray judgment; but if you are of a contrary 
opinion, if you believe other plans should be adopted and another 
course followed, well and good. We are united in a common 
purpose, and when 1 join with my fellows I go with them to 
the end. 

And he did. During the months that preceded his 
death he must have known the end was near. 

It would have been quite human had he ceased his 
labors and sought the quiet and comfort to which his long 
life of toil entitled him; but not so. He was engaged in a 
cause that contained a principle, and though enfeebled by 
age and wasted by bodily ills, he continued true to his 
convictions and determined in his actions. It was given 
him to live beyond the time allotted to most men, and yet 
up to the veiy hour when the setting sun completed the 
number of his days he never faltered nor ceased in his 
efforts for his countrA''s welfare. The lesson of the clos- 
ing years of his life rises to noble proportions before a 
people that has come to regard the amassing of wealth but 
a prelude to a wasting of powers and idleness of living. 

It is because she has had many sons of such true worth 
that Massachusetts has been elevated to gi'eat prominence 
in our countiy's development and given to history the 
names of Adams, Warren, Webster, and Sumner. So 
again we learn that the greatest boon to mankind is a 
true man. 

Thus Minnesota joins with Massachusetts in mourning 
the deatli of a noble son, one worthy the name American, 
worthy the memory of those who knew him, worthy the 
memory of a grateful people. 



[42] 



i 



Address of Mr. Greene, of Massachusetts 

Mr. Speaker: The late Hon. William C. Lovering and 
myself represented adjoining districts in Massachusetts, 
and in many respects the interests of both were closely 
related. I had known him for many years, and when I 
was elected to fill the vacancy in the House of Representa- 
tives caused by the death of the late Hon. John Sinipkins, 
Mr. Lovering met me with great cordiality and conducted 
me to the Speaker to take the oath of office. This cour- 
tesy was greatlj' appreciated, and as an added kindness he 
at once put me in close touch with his colleagues in the 
House. 

An often-remarked resemblance in personal appear- 
ance between him and myself frequently resulted in our 
being taken for each other, both in Washington and 
elsewhere. 

When the Legislature of Massachusetts recast the lines 
of the congressional districts in the State, the county of 
Barnstable was taken from the district which I had the 
honor to represent and was transferred to the fourteenth 
chstrict, represented by Mr. Lovering. At that time I was 
glad to be instrumental in placing him in close political 
relations with my old friends in the district, and they 
were alwajs among his most loj'al supporters. 

Before becoming actively a candidate for national po- 
litical office he had achieved distinction in the Massachu- 
setts State senate, of which he was elected a member in 
1874 and 1875. 

[43] 



Memoriai, Addresses : Representative Lovering 

We were both delegates to the Republican national con- 
vention at Chicago when Garfield and Arthur were nomi- 
nated in the summer of 1880. 1 met him frequently at 
that memorable convention, and recall vividly the great 
interest which he took in the proceedings of that 
gathering. 

I recall the dignity with which he presided at the Re- 
publican State convention in 1892, and well remember the 
high encomiums of praise expressed at the convention and 
in the newspaper press of the State because of the elegant 
diction and patriotic fervor, as well as the sound and 
progressive business sense, which marked the words that 
fell from his lips. 

Mr. Lovering was an active and efficient Member of the 
House of Representatives. On manj' matters requiring 
important legislative action he was a recognized author- 
ity. Frequently he addressed the House on the currency 
question, a subject with which he was thoroughly familiar 
by reason of his extensive business relations in the great 
commercial centers and because of his training and 
prominence in the financial institutions of his own city. 
His activities in connection with the industrial enterprises 
of his city gave him an unusual opportunity to become 
familiar with the production and marketable uses of cot- 
ton and textiles, and his advice was frequently sought by 
manjf of his associates in the House of Representatives 
upon the technical questions relative to this most impor- 
tant industry. 

In addition to his prominence politically, 1 think there 
were few men in the House more widely known in the 
business and commercial world than he. This was only 
the natural result of his early associations and training, 
and hardly had he grown to young manhood when he 
embarked upon a career in which he achieved marked 
success. After receiving a scholastic education at the 

[44] 



Aoi)Ki;.ss oi Mh. (ini.i:M;. of MASS\(;iirsi:irs 

high school and Hopkins Classical School, hoth of Cam- 
bridge, he entered the office of the Whittenton Mills, at 
Taunton, Mass., of which corporation his fallior was then 
manager. Here he learned the mill business thoroughly, 
and later, with his father and brothers, became the owner 
of this manufacturing establishment. This, in 1858, was 
the beginning of his success as a textile manufacturer. 

He early showed groat ability and genius as a designer 
of textile fabric patterns, and in perfecting himself to 
become an authority in this particular branch of the in- 
dustiy he traveled extensively, visiting the markets of the 
world, particularly the recognized centers for fancy cot- 
ton fabrics, with the aim of making the output of his 
company a leader in its field. The success of the Whitten- 
ton Manufacturing Co. had been due largely to his shrewd 
and careful management, which was always evident from 
his desire to keep in the forefront with all modern ad- 
vancement and improvements which would benefit his 
business interests. 

As he became established, and as fortune began to 
reward his industry, Mr. Lovering soon began to take an 
interest in the building and development of other enter- 
prises, the result of which added largely to the material 
growth and prosperity of his home city. This was shown 
in many directions. He was a projector of the first Taun- 
ton street railway, and for many years was the president 
of that corporation. Also, rapidly he became interested 
in other textile ventures, and started other successful 
mills in Taunton, taking an active participation in their 
management. As a recognition of his ability as a leader 
in textile circles, he was for several years honored by the 
New England Cotton Manufacturers' Association with 
election as its president, and later was chosen president 
of the Arkwright Club, of Boston, which is composed 
largely of the cotton manufacturers of the New England 

[45] 



Memorial Addresses: Representative Lovering 

States. He was equally prominent in all lines of endeavor 
for the upbuilding of the city. State, and Nation in which 
he lived. 

Mr. Lovering went to the front in 1861 as an engineer 
when the call to arms was issued, but because of a serious 
illness which overtook him soon after his enlistment he 
was prevented from carrying out his patriotic desires and 
returning to his command. However, he never ceased 
to entertain a sincere regard and admiration for his com- 
rades who were privileged to serve the cause of the 
Union for a longer term in that mighty struggle, and he 
was recognized as a strong friend of veterans and their 
deserving families throughout the years of his member- 
ship in the National House of Representatives. 

Personally, 1 deplore the demise of Mr. Lovering at an 
age when he had ripened into the time of great usefulness. 
He was a man whose memory we do well to honor rever- 
ently on this occasion. He was conscientious in doing his 
duty in all matters as he understood and saw it, and in 
his death this body has lost an able and hard-working 
Member, the fourteenth congressional district of the Com- 
monwealth of Massachusetts was deprived of a worthy 
Representative, and the State and the Nation of the 
services of an upright, patriotic citizen. 



[46] 



Address of Mr. Esch, of Wisconsin 

Mr. Speaker: Again this House is called upon to pay 
its tribute of respect to tiie memory of a deceased Mem- 
ber. That the Sabbath day has been selected for sucii 
tribute seems to me to be fitting and proper. The stress 
and strain of the week day's labors and responsibilities 
are not upon us. Quietly and reverently, without distrac- 
tions of any kind, we are permitted to contemplate the 
life, character, and achievements of our deceased col- 
league. After all, the friendships we make in this body 
are a chief compensation for the struggles and sacrifices 
we make to attain and retain our membership in it. The 
high resolve, the noble purpose, and genuine zeal for the 
public good exemplified in the lives of our friends and 
colleagues here will furnish an inspiration for each one 
of us when we shall have returned to private life. 

For 13 years the Hon. William C. Lovering represented 
the fourteenth district of Massachusetts. His long service 
is in itself a splendid tribute to his character and effi- 
ciency and to the respect in which he was held by his 
people. The devotion of Massachusetts to a faithful Rep- 
resentative is well exemplified in the political career of 
Mr. Lovering. Well educated, an engineer and leading 
manufacturer, he brought to the discharge of iiis public 
duties an experience and qualification which proved of 
great value in the consideration of questions, both in com- 
mittee and in the House. He had the alert mind of the 
successful man of business and approached the multi- 

[47] 



Memorial Addresses: Representative Lovering 

tudinous subjects of legislation in a sensible and prac- 
tical way. During the four years of our membership on 
the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce I 
found Mr. Lovering's knowledge as to the Lighthouse and 
Life-Saving Service, pure food, finance, transportation, 
and kindred topics to be extensive and accurate. His 
persistent and finally successful efforts to better the con- 
dition of members of the Life-Saving Service and their 
families betokened his wide sj'mpathy for a most worthy 
class of public servants. Serving on a committee almost 
wholly composed of lawyers and dealing with legal prop- 
ositions of great importance and complexity, our col- 
league held his own, and his practical wisdom and large 
business experience repeatedly evoked our admiration 
and respect. 

In his private character Mr. Lovering showed traits 
worthy of our emulation. Kindly and courteous and 
considerate of the rights of others, he aroused no enmi- 
ties. His thoughtful regard and consideration for the 
inghts of others begot respect for his own. " Slow to 
anger and plenteous in mercy," he won friends and re- 
tained them. While not self-assertive, he always felt 
conscious of the rectitude of his own convictions. Full 
of years and honors, he knew his place and gave no man 
offense. He was a man whose kind is fast passing away — 
a gentleman of the old school; kindly, courteous, gentle, 
and obliging. Would that his kind might not only sur- 
vive, but increase. 



[48] 



Address of Mr. Lawrence, of Massachusetts 

Mr. Speaker: So many will speak to-day of the dis- 
tinguished public services of William C. Lovering, for 
so many years a Representative in this body from tlie 
Commonwealth of Massachusetts, that 1 shall go but little 
into details. My acquaintance with him began when I 
became a Member of Congress, and 13 years of a common 
service gave an opportunity to know him well and to 
estimate truly his many sterling qualities. I admired so 
much his character, his ability, and his devotion to duty 
that I should be unwilling to let this occasion pass with- 
out joining his associates in paying tribute to an upright 
and useful life and in giving some expression, inadequate 
though it may be, to the loss which came to Massachu- 
setts and to the countiy when this faithful public servant 
passed away. 

It is, indeed, most fitting that those who knew his worth 
through daily and intimate association should gather in 
this chamber, where the most important and effective 
part of his work was done, for the purpose of expressing 
sincere and affectionate appreciation of a life dedicated 
in high degree to the public service. The tributes paid 
to him are well deserved, because they were earned by 
yeai-s of devotion to the interests of our country, because 
his record as a Representative in Congress was charac- 
terized at all times by zeal for the public good. To the 
people who trusted and honored him he gladly gave all 
that was highest and best in him. 



93661°— 11 4 



[49] 



Memorial Addresses : Representative Lovering 

Mr. Lovering was about 60 years of age when he en- 
tered Congress. He was admirably equipped through 
large experience and wide information for the duties 
which awaited him. During a long and busy life he had 
been engaged in the active management of great busi- 
ness enterprises. It was his good fortune to be conspicu- 
ously identified with American industrial growth and 
commercial expansion. All his life long he was a cotton 
manufacturer, and became a recognized authority in all 
details of that great industry. His activities, however, 
were not limited to the business of cotton manufacturing. 
He was an officer and director in many large concerns, 
and his directing energj' was felt not only in Massachu- 
setts, but in other States of the Union. To the remark- 
able development which has come to the South in recent 
years he contributed his full share. Indeed, he seemed 
to take an especial pride in that part of his work, which 
had to do with the splendid industrial progress of that 
section. During his business career he showed the same 
qualities which we always found in his work here — 
patience, painstaking attention to details, thoroughness, 
and untiring industry. 

But all his hours were not given to details of busi- 
ness. During that long, busy life of which 1 have spoken, 
he found time to become a diligent and thoughtful student 
of public questions, and before his election to Congress 
had served two terms in the Massachusetts senate. Eco- 
nomic questions naturally attracted him, and to them 
he gave most careful attention. 

His speeches in this chamber were mainly upon such 
subjects, and he was always accorded a respectful hear- 
ing, for the Members of the House soon learned that he 
addressed them only after careful investigation and ma- 
ture reflection, and that what he said was worth listening 
to. Mr. Lovering was not one who attempted or desired to 

[50] 



Ai)i)Ki:ss OF Mit. L\\viu.N(;i;, ui Massacui sinrs 

fill much space in the Congressional Uccorcl. lie occu- 
pied very little of the time of the House, indeed. 1 think 
it may be said that he never participated in debate unless 
the topic under discussion was one upon which practical 
experience or discriminating study had qualified him to 
speak. It is not to be wondered at, then, that his speeches 
were eflfective and influenced the actions of his fellows. 
And they were doubly effective, because the man who 
uttered them was fearless and independent, having at all 
times the courage of his convictions. 

William C. Lovering was never sensational; he never 
played to the galleries; he never sought the limelight. He 
was content by patient investigation and hard work to 
render such assistance as lay in his power toward a solu- 
tion of the difficult problems which are crowding upon us. 
He did his work well. He fought a good fight and kept 
the faith. We are glad that during his lifetime he had 
abundant reason to know that this record of modest and 
faithful service was appreciated. Successive reclections 
to Congress were accorded to him by majorities larger 
than were given to any other Representative from his 
State. 

I can not bring this brief tribute to a close without re- 
ferring to the personal loss which has come to us who 
represent Massachusetts in this House of Representatives. 
A loyal colleague upon whose judgment we had come to 
rely is gone. But he was more than a colleague. He was 
a friend, always courteous and considerate. We shall 
miss him, and memories of him will ever be for all of us a 
most cherished possession. 



[51] 



Address of Mr. Washburn, of Massachusetts 

Mr. Speaker: While I had known Mr. Lovering for 
some time before I came to Congress, my more intimate 
acquaintance with him began here. He was the oldest 
Member in years, though not in service, in the Massa- 
chusetts delegation, and belonged to a generation of men 
which has accomplished much for Massachusetts, both 
in and out of public life. 

He began his service in the Fifty-fifth Congress, during 
the Speakership of Mr. Reed. His principal committees 
were those on Patents, Banking and Currency, and In- 
terstate and Foreign Commei'ce. He was peculiarly fit- 
ted, both by inheritance and training, for valuable service 
on these committees. The son of a successful manufac- 
turer, born and bred in New England, and all his life a 
manufacturer himself, he naturally was deeply inter- 
ested in the industrial interests of the country. Early 
in his service he favored legislation making more effi- 
cient the administration of the Patent Office, and was 
always an enthusiastic friend of our patent system. On 
several occasions he delivered instructive addresses on 
monetary questions, and was a student of the science of 
finance. His service as engineer at Fort Monroe dur- 
ing part of the Civil War gave him knowledge of 
our military affairs, and he contributed some valuable 

[52] 



Addkess of Mk. WASiimiRN, or Massaciu setts 

suggestions upon this subject. His (icc'iKsl iiilircsl, liow- 
ever, was in legislation relating to the textile business, to 
which he had devoted his life, and concerning which 
his advice was frequently sought. He was particularly 
active in advocacy of legislation relating to statistics of 
the growing and spinning of cotton, both industries of 
such vital consequence to his State. 

Mr. LovERiNG, in 1900, was prominent in the creation 
of a commission to investigate the commercial and indus- 
trial conditions in China and Japan. He was an early 
advocate of the building of a canal between the Atlantic 
and the Pacific. Originally favorable to the route by 
Nicaragua and to its construction by private capital, he 
later, when it became apparent that the rights of the 
French company could be acquired, favored the Panama 
route. Mr. Loverinc, while not a frequent debatei-, always 
contributed something of value to any discussion in which 
he participated. Early in his congressional service he 
made a brief speech upon the appropriation of $50,000,000 
for the national defense at the time of the Spanish War 
which was quite characteristic of him. He said : 

Mr. Speaker, whether this be a war measure or a peace measure 
will be determined by the turn of events within a few days. It 
■will remain for a foreign power to decide whether a small part 
of this lifty milHons shall be expended or whether hundreds of 
millions more shall be appropriated for the defense of honor and 
humanity. 

Massachusetts has still the spirit of Bunker Hill in her veins. 
She seeks not war; but if war is forced upon us she will, as then, 
be found in the front ranks of the Nation's defenders. 

May this great sum be wisely expended to place our Army and 
Navy on the best war footing, and then pray God that a hostile 
shot may never be fired. 

Mr. LovERiNG was deeply attached to his State and inter- 
ested in every movement that tended to mark the great 

[53] 



Memoriai. Addresses : Representative Lovering 

events in her history. This<is well illustrated in his active 
participation in the successful effort to secure an appro- 
priation for the raising of a monument at Provincetown 
in commemoration of the Mayflower compact on Novem- 
ber 11, 1620, and of the first landing of the Pilgrims on 
Cape Cod. 

Dr. Everett Hale has said that " the contract drawn up 
at Provincetown is as important as the Declaration of 
Independence and is its forerunner." The feelings of 
the Pilgrims when thej' landed were described by Gov. 
Bradford, who said in his history that they — 

fell upon tlu'ir knees & blessed ye God of heaven, who Iiad 
brought them over ye vast & furious ocean and delivered them 
from all ye perils & miseries thereof, againe to set their feete on 
ye firme and stable earth, their proper elemente. 

The Pilgrims remained on Cape Cod for a month before 
crossing the bay to Plymouth, where the permanent set- 
tlement was made. The corner stone of the monument 
was laid in August, 1907, in the presence of a distin- 
guished company. President Roosevelt, the British am- 
bassador, Mr. Bryce, and other distinguished gentlemen 
made addresses. From Mr. Lovering's remarks on that 
occasion upon the present-day tendency, as he thought, to 
the enactment of too many laws and to their too frequent 
violation, I make the following brief quotations : 

While there is sufTicient reverence in our hearts to bring us to 
this honored spot and to move us to raise a monument to com- 
memorate the work of those hardy Christian pioneers who 
framed that historic compact, the simplest code that was ever 
designed to govern a people, yet do we coniplaisantly point with 
pride to our modern jurisprudence as being a monument to our 
superior intelligence and to all of those virtues that contribute 
to the making of a good and great republic. Is this a fair com- 
parison? Is this being perfectly true to them and to ourselves? 
I think not. Simple as was their code, it sufficed, and they 

[54] 



AnDRiiss OK Mr. Washiuhn, ok Mass.u.iu sryns 

obeyed it in spirit and in lelter. How is it to-day with us? Alas, 
we are in too many respects a nation of lawbreakers. 

If the monument whose foundation we are laying to-day shall 
stand for nothing else, it will certainly remind us and future 
generations that respect for the law and the rights of others is 
the corner stone of a civil government. 

The life-saving service along our nigged New England 
coast was always an object of Mr. Lovering's solicitude 
and owes much to his fostering care. 

The breadth of his views is well expressed in some re- 
marks he made in favor of a grant of money in aid of 
the St. Louis Exposition. He said: 

Great expositions mark great epochs in our history. They 
mark the great onward progress in civilization, science, mechan- 
ics, art, architecture, and the welfare of the people. Take, for 
instance, the exposition of 1876, in Philadelphia. There were 
many features of the exposition, either one of which was an 
ample warrant for its being held and either one of which has 
conferred benefits upon the people worth many times the whole 
cost of the exposition. I will cite but one or two features: 
Domestic architecture. A great step forward in domestic archi- 
tecture of the country dates from this time. The English Gov- 
ernment built on the grounds of the exposition a model domestic 
house, which was the inspiration of all architects who have since 
contrived and designed attractive, beautiful, comfortable, and 
inexpensive houses. It was a model of harmony in its lines and 
proportions, and it has been many thousand times reproduced in 
principle if not exactly on the same plans. 

Since that time homes tastefully decorated and well furnished 
have been possible for people of small means. 

Another great feature in the exposition of 1876 was a revelation 
in sanitation. The knowledge diffused throughout the country at 
that time was, and has ever since been, of incalculable value to 
the people of our country. In this one department alone the 
people were benefited to an extent many times more than the 
entire cost of the exposition. 



[55] 






Memorial Addresses: Representative Lovering 

So far from their being extravagancies or luxuries, with only a 
local value, I believe that they are economic necessities, and to 
do them justice we should deal with them not with a niggardly 
but a bountiful hand. 

Mr. Lovering was a typical gentleman of the old school, 
reserved, but extremely courteous; independent in his 
judgments, but tolerant of opinions different from his 
own; proud of his people and faithful to their interests; 
and true to the best traditions of his State. 



[56] 



Address of Mr. Maguire, of Nebraska 

We do well, indeed, to pause a moment, refrain from 
the duties of life, and turn from the problems of the 
present and the future to recall the memory of an honored 
Member of this body, a faithful servant of the people, and 
a worthy son of the great Commonwealth of Massachu- 
setts. That State has produced many illustrious patriots 
and statesmen to whom our common country owes much, 
but in all her history Massachusetts has produced no truer 
man or nobler citizen than William C. Lovering. 

Born in 183.5, in Rhode Island, his early years were 
spent as most boys live. Educated and reared in Massa- 
chusetts, he had all the advantages of New England 
society, education, and culture. He answered the call 
of his country' and served in the war as an engineer at 
Fort Monroe till compelled to retire because of impaired 
health. Later he chose the political life, but after serving 
two years in the State senate, to which he was elected in 
1874, he retired, and spent the greater part of his life in 
the manufactiu'ing business until 1896, when he again 
entered politics, and was unanimously nominated by his 
party for Congress. He was elected to the Fifty-fifth 
Congress, and served in that and in each succeeding Con- 
gi'ess continuously until his death. 

His energies and his life were generously given up to 
the performance of civic duties and public service. Out 
of the 45 years following the war Mr. Lovering devoted 
15 of these, which were perhaps his best years, to public 



[57] 



Memorial Addresses: Representative Lovering 



life. At the close of 12 years in Congress the people of his 
district reelected him to this Congress with an increased 
majority. When the people of his own community, who 
knew him best, paid him such a compliment it seems 
almost idle for me to attempt to add anything upon this 
occasion. His public record is a eulog>' in itself. It is not 
only a tribute to him, but it is also an assurance to every 
boy in our land that this Republic is not ungrateful for 
service well and faithfully performed. 

William C. Lovering did not live in vain. No man has 
lived in vain who has served his countiy faithfully, as he 
did, both as a private citizen and as a public servant. 
Men are measured in peace, as well as in war, by their 
fidelity to lofty purposes. Fame may not always spring 
spontaneous to all worthy men alike, but surely it is not 
less permanent and real because achieved by men, like 
Mr. Lovering, in an honest endeavor to promote the wel- 
fare of their countiy and their fellow men, and this, too, 
whether they are inspired by a desire for glorj' or by the 
promptings of their own conscience for the realization of 
the highest ideals in private and public life. 

The standards of success may var>' in different ages and 
with different people, but character and influence, as 
exemplified by Mr. Lovering among his fellow men, have 
always been and are still the criteria by which future 
generations will estimate our lives and usefulness. We 
are coming more and more to believe that success, espe- 
cially in public life, should not be measured by what a 
man does for himself, but rather by what he has done 
for his community, for society, and for his country'. 
Judged by these tests, the late Mr. Lovering was not only 
a most successful man, but an exemplary public servant. 
He entered upon his career as a servant of the people 
with their fullest confidence and trust. He continued to 
maintain the dignity of his position, and throughout his 

[58] 



Addrkss or Mr. M\(,riRi:. oi- Nekraska 

long and valuable service he never lost lliat confidence 
with whicli he was intrusted by the citizens of his State. 
The}^ knew him as an honest, honorable, and faithful 
public servant. When death called him into retirement 
from public duties and from those who had learned to 
love and esteem him, the Nation lost one of her most 
faithful and truest citizens. 

Tlie obligations that rest upon men in public life can 
not be discharged according to the same standards that 
ordinarily prevail among men in private life. Public 
service demands a broader view, and to those who dis- 
charge its obligations faithfully we are glad to pay our 
fullest tribute, but they who enter public life for private 
gain or to reap the honors thereof without service de- 
serve the reproach of all good citizens. He who is un- 
willing to forego the privileges and freedom of action that 
belong to private citizenship should not seek those places 
of high public trust w here only servants of the people are 
eligible. Under our Government the people of the United 
States are sovereign and we are their servants. To serve 
this free people is indeed a high honor. But that is not 
all. Public ofTice is not a private asset, nor should it be 
conferred as a recognition of personal merit or past serv- 
ice. It imposes upon those who choose it the highest con- 
fidence and strictest trust. 

Mr. LovERiNG was a statesman rather than a politician. 
He was independent in political action and courageous 
in personal and public conduct. He was not a time- 
server. He viewed everj- great question from a broad, 
statesmanlike attitude, and in his official capacity he 
never forgot that this was a government of the people and 
that he was their representative. If we judge him from 
liis deeds and accomplishments, his rounded life was 
ready for a close. 



[59] 



Address of Mr. Weeks, of Massachusetts 

Mr. Speaker: William C. Lovering, who had repre- 
sented the fourteenth Massachusetts district for nearly 13 
years, died suddenlj' February 4, 1910. While he had 
exceeded in years the average length of life, and had de- 
termined to retire from public activities, as he had from 
business life, at the expiration of his present term, and 
while it was known that he was not in robust health, his 
death was so sudden that it caused a great shock to his 
colleagues from Massachusetts and others with whom he 
had been intimately associated in the House. 

Mr. Lovering represented quite as well as any man in 
Congress the combination of the business man and politi- 
cal officeholder. For more than half a centurj' he had 
been more or less actively engaged in one of Massachu- 
setts' great industries, and he and his family have been 
a considerable element in developing it. This may not 
be an inopportune time or place to recall tliat Massachu- 
setts, having been deprived by legislation of her means 
of keeping her people employed in shipping and kindred 
matters, turned to manufacturing, and has been a great 
leader in many such industries. This is especially true 
of the cotton industry, which had been Mr. Lovering's 
life work. Massachusetts was the first State to aid legis- 
latively by appropriations the development of labor-sav- 
ing machinery for this purpose. In 1786, £200 was appro- 
priated by the legislature to assist Robert and Alexander 
Barr in perfecting their machinei-y for carding, roving, 
and printing cotton. The plant in which this machinery 



[60] 



Aoi)Ri:ss oi Mh. WicKKS, oi-- Massachi sirns 

was installid was owned by Col. Hugli Orr, and was 
located in the town of East Bridgewater, whicli is a part 
of tlie congressional district which Mr. Lovering so long 
and siiccessfulh' represented. It is no small cause for 
pride to the average Massachusetts man that not only has 
the Stale aided in the establishment of this great industry, 
but that her citizens have been leaders in its development. 
Many of the important labor-saving devices which have 
greatly added to the wealth of the Nation testify to the 
inventive genius of Massachusetts men. The Barrs, 
Slater, and others in the earlier days installed machinery 
developed along the lines followed by Arkwright in Eng- 
land, but during the last century the principal inventions 
used in the United States for advancing this industry have 
come from Massachusetts or New England men. This is 
not the place to go into a discussion of this subject in 
detail, but reference to some of the more important of 
these inventions will indicate the debt whicli this country 
owes to these Massachusetts men. The power loom was 
first successfully operated in 1814 by Lowell and Ather- 
ton in Wallham, Mass.; the filling frame now in general 
use was invented by Paul Moody, as was the soapstone 
roller and the cam motion for regulating its speed, the 
double speeder, the throttle-tube frame, and dressing 
machines. The self-acting temple was patented bj'^ Ira 
Draper and used in this country many years before being 
introduced in England. The double carding machine, 
the picking machine, the Northrop looms, and many other 
similar devices have literally saved hundreds of millions 
of dollars in carrying on this industry. In 1815 a con- 
gressional committee reported that there was invested 
in the cotton industry in the United States !f40,000,000 ; 
that 100,000 people were employed; that the value of the 
product was $25,000,000; and that the number of spindles 
in operation at that time was about 350,000. This was 

[61] 



Memorial Addresses : Hei-resentative Lovering 

before the installation of the power loom. As an indica- 
tion of the saving made by this one device, it is only 
necessary to state that 25 years later, in 1840, when the 
capital invested had increased to !?51,000,000, the value of 
the product had increased to $46,000,000, the number of 
spindles had increased to 2,300,000, the number of hands 
employed had actually decreased from 100,000 to 72,000. 

Since 1815, at least, Massachusetts has been the leading 
State in this industrj', and to-day it has in active opera- 
tion one-third of the spindles in the United States, one- 
third of the capital invested in this industrv% and the 
value of the product of its mills is substantially one-third 
the value of the product in the United States. The num- 
ber of people employed has increased to more than 
400,000, of which number at least 125,000 are employed 
in Massachusetts mills. 

As I have suggested, Mr. Loveiting and his family have 
had an active part in this great development. His father, 
Willard Lovering, was born in West Holliston, Mass., 
November 18, 1801, and after receiving the ordinary 
schooling which a boy was able to obtain at that time 
he became employed in a cotton mill in Franklin, Mass., 
growing in this industry' from a modest position until he 
became the superintendent of other mills, and later, when 
a comparatively young man, he was appointed the agent 
of the Whittenton Mills, continuing in the active super- 
vision of these mills until 1864, when he retired from busi- 
ness. The business of the Whittenton Mills was organized 
as a joint-stock company in 1883, the officers of the com- 
pany being members of the Lovering family, William C. 
Lovering becoming the superintendent. These mills and 
others with which his family has been and still is con- 
nected, including mills in the South, continued to occupy 
his time during his entire business career. Before com- 
ing to Congi-ess he had only held one political office, but 

[62] 



Addhess ()1 Mh. \Vi:r,Ks, en M AssAcmsinrs 

was ahvays a stanch party man, and dining his long 
service here his practical knowledge ol" industrial matters, 
relating especially to manufactures, has been of material 
benefit to Congress, as well as to his immediate constitu- 
ents. Much of the practical legislation relating to the 
cotton industry adoptid in revisions of the tarilV which 
have been undertaken since he came to Congress has been 
the result either of his direct work or has resulted from 
information furnished by liim. 

Massacliusetts has long been conspicuous among the 
States for her steadfastness in retaining tried and trained 
Representatives, and Mr. Loverixc. was an example of the 
carrying out of this policy. Verj' few men, even from 
Massachusetts, have served longer than he, and his dis- 
trict stood by its Representative, notwitlistanding at- 
tempts were made from time to time to nominate others 
in his place, in several instances men of great popular 
strength. It hardly needs to be said that continuing a 
Representative in service for many years must mean that 
he has the quality of industry' ; that he devotes his atten- 
tion to the personal wants of his constituents; that he 
must have those personal elements of kindness and cour- 
tesy which draw men to him and hold their friendship; 
and that he must have the capacity to grasp and take an 
active part in the larger matters of legislation whicli affect 
the interests of his State, as well as of the countiy at large. 
Those who knew him and sersed with liim will recognize 
how well William C. Lovering measured up to these 
requirements. 



[631 



Address of Mr. Gardner, of Massachusetts 

Mr. Speaker: Threescore and ten years of life is the 
span allotted to mankind. If by reason of a heritage of 
strength and of sobriety of living a man exceed the gen- 
eral limitation, then when his time comes grief for his 
departure must be assuaged by knowledge of the fullness 
of his measure. 

LovERiNG was a true New Englander. Those of us who 
are New England born do not readily accord that title 
except to men who by their lives show that they still 
possess the sterner virtues. Rugged, inflexible, and true 
as was the Puritan, still in his day and generation his 
austerity was little tempered by the gentleness and grace- 
fulness which sweeten the cup of life. It was reserved 
for later generations of New Englanders to adorn the 
scroll on which their predecessors carved so deeply. 

Splendid in its crowning majestj' is the stern rock- 
bound coast of Plymouth. Superb in their age, their 
grace, and their symmetry are the elms which shade its 
pastures. Nature has combined austerity and grace in the 
old home of the Pilgrims. That same nature in its kind- 
liness decreed that Lovering, who here in Washington 
was the Pilgrim's representative, should in like manner 
soften the inflexibility' of his purposes by the grace and 
dignitj' of his demeanor. The end of this latter-day Pil- 
grim's Progress is but a renewal of the final crossing of 

[641 



Addhkss Of Mii. ('iAiii)Ni;n, (11 MvssAc in suits 

John Biinyan's hero, Mr. Valiaiit-ror-Truth. Valiant as- 
sembled his irieiuls and said: 

'■ J am going to my l"allur, and tliongh willi .yiv al (lilliciilty I 
am got liilluT, yet now 1 do not npinl me of all tlie trouble I 
have been at to arrive where 1 am. M\ sword, 1 give to him 
who shall succeed me in my pilgrimage, and my courage and 
skill to him that can get it. My marks and seals I carry with 
me to be a witness for me, that 1 have fought His battles who 
now will be my Rewarder." 

When the day that he must go hence was come, many accom- 
l>anied him to the river side into which, as he went, he said: 

"Death, where is thy sting?" and, as he went down deeper, 
he said " (Jravc, where is thy victory?" So he jiasscd over and 
the trumpets sounded for him on the other side. 

Mr. McCall took the chair as Speaker pro tempore. 



9.-i6(i.r— 11 o [65] 



Address of I\Ir. Gillett, of Massachusetts 

Mr. Speaker : Mr. Lovering's career and public services 
have been admirably detailed already, but I feel that it is 
due to our long and pleasant association that I should 
take some part in these memorial exercises, antl I will 
but touch on some features of his character which par- 
ticularly impressed me. 

We were colleagues here for 13 years, our political faith 
was the same, and we were necessarily cooperating con- 
stantly, yet I never became personally intimate with him. 
I doubt if he had many intimate friends. It always 
seemed to me that he was in nature, as he was in appear- 
ance and bearing, a patrician, and held himself some- 
what aloof from the world at large and intended to rep- 
resent his constituents and retain their confidence and 
favor, not because of personal popularity and intimacy, 
but by proving to tliem that he was the man who could 
best serve their interests and make them respected and 
influential. He was not at all what is popularly known as 
a "mixer"; and wliile courteous, there was about him 
a certain formality and reserve which did not invite 
familiarity. Men did not vote for him because they called 
him by his first name, or because they felt he was no bet- 
ter than they were, but they supported him because they 
knew he was a superior man and with his superior talents 
could best represent and promote their interests. He 
illustrated rather tiie old than the new type of Repre- 
sentative, a man selected for liis eminent ability, a man 



[66] 



Address of Mk. (Iii.i.ett, of Massachi'Setts 

rather above than of his constituents. Theoretically, that 
should be the result of representative as distinguished 
from democratic government. 

The theory of representative government is that the 
people in caucus select some men wiser than tiie average 
to represent them in convention, and this convention se- 
lects some man wiser than their average for ofiice, and 
thus the oiliceholder, by repeated selection, should be of 
ability far above the average, and the ortices should be 
fdled by the best men. That this is always the result the 
most ardent advocate of the system would hardly main- 
tain. The theory of democracy, on the other hand, is that 
the people directly select their officials, with the likeli- 
hood that their representative will exactly reflect their 
passions, prejudices, and interests, and as a result he will 
be more nearly the average man of the community. 

This is not the occasion to discuss tlie comparative mer- 
its of the two systems, but Mr. Lovering was a conspicuous 
instance of the former, and though not an embodiment of 
the average feelings of his constituents, yet he was always 
a faithful and satisfactory upholder of their interests, but 
mindful also of the interests of the country at large. He 
essayed to be a leader and not a follower of those he 
represented — considered it his duly not simply to study 
the momentaiy waves of public opinion and waver with 
them, but to determine what was for tiie permanent wel- 
fare of his constituents and of the Nation and follow that 
and endeavor to lead them in the same path. He was 
not given to self-advertising; he did not curiy newspaper 
favor and notoriety; but in his tiioughlful, intelligent way 
he labored for the public good, and he won his reward in 
the respect of all who knew him. 

He did not strive for popularity I)y frantic denunciation 
of everj' temporary bog>- or by fervent worship of every 
temporary idol, but he carried his head above the clouds 

[67] 



Memorial Addresses: Representative Loverinc. 

of temporary i)assioii and prejudice, and tried to look 
broadly into the future, to discover what was stable and 
permanent, and regulate his conduct by that, and not by 
the whim of the hour. He illustrated the value of the old 
adage, "Know something of everything and everything 
of something," and by his special knowledge along an im- 
portant line of industrial life made himself an authority, 
and most useful and influential to Congress, as well as to 
his constituents. His service and position here was of 
great value both to our State and to the Nation. 



[68] 



Address of Mk. Roberts, of Massachusetts 

Mr. Speaker: Mr. Loverin(; was oiu- of the kindest gen- 
tlemen with whom I have come into contact in my years 
of service in the House. He was one who, never speak- 
ing ill of another, would seek out that which was good in 
a man and enlarge upon that side of the individual's 
character. Possessing these sterling characteristics, it is 
no wonder that he was chosen repeatedly to represent in 
this legislative hody the district in whose service he was 
at the time of his death. Trained in husiness, he brought 
to his service in tiiis House certain qualifications that 
made him as unusual as a statesman as his high personal 
wortli and ideals made him unusual as a man. In his 
deatli the Nation and the State of Massachusetts lose a 
man whose 13 years of service had made for him a promi- 
nent place in the important deliberations of both political 
divisions, and the business world loses one who stood 
for integrity at all times and for the advancement of the 
particular art with which he was atliliated. 

Born in Rhode island, of New England parentage, Mr. 
LovERiNG was a New Englander of the oldest and best 
type, and throughout his life remained true to those pre- 
cepts which have made New England and its people 
known all over the English-speaking world. Coming to 
Massachusetts when very young, and brought into inti- 
mate relations with the great manufacturing State 
through the business interests of his father and his 
family, he soon became so closely identified witli that 
State that we who are left feel that we are justified as 
mourning him as a true Massachusetts type of public 
man. 

[69] 



Memorial Addresses : Representative Loveking 

Educated in the public schools of his State, he culti- 
vated a love of the Government under which he lived 
that remained with him and was manifested at the out- 
break of the Civil War by a response to the call for 
troops. Ill health, however, prevented him from serving 
throughout the contest. 

Shortly after the close of the war, with the return of 
his health, which had for a time deserted him, he entered 
upon his business career, which brought him success in a 
great measure, and which was continued even while he 
was serving the State and Nation through membership in 
this House. Not only was his activity felt in his manage- 
ment of his successful business enterprises, but he was 
actively interested in many private pursuits of a quasi 
public nature, and had ever the best interest of the city of 
his home at heart. In his early youth he became inter- 
ested in church and Sunday school work, and this interest, 
though necessarily curtailed in his later years, was never 
extinguislied. 

A short service in the State legislature preceded his 
advance to membership in the National House, and in 
the coui'se of that service and the service in which we 
knew him his firmness of character and high sense of 
public integrity were developed, and witli them came a 
broadness on all public questions with which, if we did 
not agree in all its details, we could not but admire as 
showing the character of the man. 

And with this broadening on public questions there was 
conibined a closeness to his constituency which does not 
always follow. From the opening of his congressional 
career he was first of all faithful, to a remarkable degree, 
to the calls and desires of those to whom he owed his 
position; and to this fact, perhaps, as much as to any 
other one feature of his life and work, he owed that great 
popularity with the rank and file which insured his 
regular return to his position as their Representative. 

[70] 



Akdukss oi" Mh. I^ohi-hts, (u Massm msKiis 

Of iill tlie things llial were accomplislu-d hy Mr. Lovkh- 
INO in the course of his service in flic Ihiust. he was hap- 
piest when considering that which he was alile to do for 
the Ixnefit of the Life-Saving Service and tlie men em- 
ployed under it. Inasnuich as the (hstrict which he rep- 
resented contained many miles of seacoast, and some of 
it the worst coast on the Atlantic seaboard, he was in a 
position to become especially familiar with the work 
done by this service, and made a strong figiit for Ixlter 
conditions, in wliich he was happily successful. His 
work during the 13 years of membership in the National 
House was marked by much that was laud;d)le and valu- 
able; but to this particular piece of legislation it was his 
special pride to refer. 

Whenever one approaches the task of naming to those 
who are left behind and those who are to come the vir- 
tues and characteristics of one who has departed, there is 
always the danger of an overi'ating of the good and the 
asserting of facts which will not bear the light of time's 
continued rays. In the case of our departed colleague, 
how ever, the danger is lessened, if not actually removed, 
by the character of the man. Personally, he was all that 
the most rigid code could require. Publicly, he was a 
devoted servant of the people and one to whom the pub- 
lic trust was a sacred thing. Throughout all he was a 
gentleman, in the truest meaning of th.e word, and the 
State of Massachusetts has lost one whose memoi-y will 
ever be revered, while we who are to carry on his woik 
have lost an associate whose kindness and gentleness we 
shall long remember. 

ADJOIRNMENT. 

At 1 o'clock and 50 minutes p. m., in pursuance of the 
resolutions heretofore adopted, the House adjourned until 
IVIonday at 12 o'clock noon. 

[71] 



Proceedings in the Senate 

FeKRI ARY 4, 1910. 

A message from the House of Representatives by W. J. 
Browning, its Chief Clerk, eoinnuinieated to the Senate 
the intelligence of the death of Hon. Wii.mam C. Loveri.ng, 
late a Representative from the State of Massachusetts, 
and transmitted resolutions of the House thereon. 

The message also announced that the Speaker of the 
House had appointed Mr. McCall, Mr. Lawrence, Mr. 
Greene, Mr. Washburn, Mr. Keliher, Mr. Peters, Mr. Bou- 
tell, Mr. Foster of Vermont, Mr. McCreary, Mr. Bartlett of 
Georgia. Mr. Kendall, Mr. Lee, Mr. Heniy \V. Palmer, Mr. 
Calderhead, and Mr. Sims as members of the conunittee 
on the part of the House to attend the funei'al. 

The Vice President. The Chair lays before the Senate 
resolutions of the House of Representatives, which will 
be read. 

The Secretaiy read the resolutions, as follows: 

Resolved, That tlie House lias heard with profound sorrow of 
the death of Hon. William C. Lovering, a Representative from the 
State of Massachusetts. 

Resolved, That a committee of 15 Members of the House, with 
such Members of the Senate as may be joined, be appointed to 
attend the funeral. 

Resolved. That the Sergeant at Arms of the House be authorized 
and directed to take such steps as may be necessary for carrying 
out the provisions of these resolutions, and that the necessary 
expenses in connection therewith be paid out of the contingent 
fund of tlie House. 

Resolved, That the Clerk communicate tliese resolutions to the 
Senate and transmit a copy thereof to the family of the deceased. 



[73] 



Memorial Addresses: Representative Loverin<, 

Mr. Lodge. Mr. President, I send to the desk the follow- 
ing resolutions and ask for their adoption. 

The Vice President. The Senator from Massachusetts 
submits resolutions, which will be read. 

The Secretary read the resolutions, as follows: 

Resolved, That the Senate has heard with deep sensibility the 
announcement of the death of Hon. William C. Lovering, late 
a Representative from the State of Massachusetts. 

Resolved, That a committee of five Senators be appointed by 
the Vice President to join a committee appointed on the part of 
the House of Representatives to take order for superintending the 
funeral of Mr. Lovering, at Taunton, Mass. 

Resolved, That the Secretary communicate a copy of these 
resolutions to the House of Representatives and to the family of 
the deceased. 

The Vice President. The question is on agreeing to the 
resolutions submitted by the Senator from Massachusetts. 

The resolutions were unanimously agreed to. 

The Vice President appointed as the committee on the 
part of the Senate under the second resolution Mr. Lodge, 
Mr. Crane, Mr. Wetmorc, Mr. Bailey, and Mr. Ncwlands. 

Mr. Lodge. Mr. President, I move, as a further mark of 
respect to the memory of the deceased, that the Senate 
do now adjourn. 

The motion was unanimously agreed to; and (at 3 
o'clock and 32 minutes p. m.) the Senate adjourned until 
to-morrow, Saturday, February 5, 1910, at 12 o'clock 
meridian. 



February 22, 1911. 

Mr. Lodge. Mr. President, 1 desire to give notice that 

on Satiu-day, the 25th, at 5 o'clock, 1 shall ask the Senate 

to consider resolutions commemorative of the life and 

character of Hon. William C. Lovering and Hon. Charles 

[74] 



Pn()( i:i:i)iN(;s in i hi; Si:n\ii; 



Q. Tinill, late Members ot tlic House ol Hcprcsentalives 
from Massachusetts. 



Saturbay, Fchriiari] )>'), 1011. 
The Chaplain. Rev. Ulysses G. B. Pierce. D. D.. offered 
the following prayer: 

O God, our help in ages past, our hope for years to 
come, we rejoice that we, Thy cliildren, though we seem 
but creatures of a day, yet share Thine eternity. Be- 
cause Thou livest, we live; and because Thy years have 
no end. therefore are we without beginning of days or 
end of life. As we this day commemorate those who 
have labored with us for the common good, deepen in 
us, we beseech Thee, the assurance of Thy grace, and 
quicken in us the hope of life eternal. Grant, we implore 
Thee, that neither life nor death may separate us from 
Thee, in whom we live, move, and have our being. 

And so may God, our Father, who hath loved us and 
hath given us eternal comfort and good hope through 
grace, comfort our hearts and establish them in every 
good work and word. Amen. 

The Secretary proceeded to read the Journal of yes- 
terday's proceedings when, on request of Mr. Gallinger 
and by unanimous consent, the further reading was dis- 
pensed with and the Journal was approved. 

Mr. Lodge. Mr. President, 1 ask the Chair to lay before 
the Senate the resolutions of the House of Representatives 
on the death of Hon. William C. Lovering, late a Repre- 
sentative from the State of Massachusetts. 

The Vice President. The resolutions will be read. 

The Secretarv read the resolutions, as follows: 



[75] 



Memorial Addresses: Representative Loxering 

In the House of Representatives, June 5, 1910. 

Resolved, That the House of Representatives has heard with 
profound sorrow of the death of Hon. William C. Lovering, late 
a Member of this House from the State of Massachusetts, which 
occurred in this city on February 4, 1910. 

Resolved, That the business of the House is now suspended tlial 
opportunity may be given to pay tribute to his memory. 

Resolved, That as a particular marli of respect to the deceased 
and in recognition of his distinguished public service the House, 
at the conclusion of the memorial exercises of this day, shall 
stand adjourned. 

Resolved, That the Clerk communicate these resolutions to the 
Senate. 

Resolved, That the Clerk send a copy of these resolutions to 
the family of the deceased. 

Mr. Lodge. Mr. President, I offer the resolutions which 
I send to the desk, and I ask for their adoption. 

The resolutions were read, considered by unanimous 
consent, and unanimously agreed to, as follows: 

Resolved, That the Senate expresses its profound sorrow on 
account of the death of the Hon. William C. Lovf.hing, late a 
Member of the House of Representatives from the State of Massa- 
chusetts. 

Resolved, That the business of the Senate be now suspended in 
order that fitting tributes may be paid his high character and 
distinguished public services. 

Resolved, That the Secretary communicate a coi)y of these 
resolutions to the House of Representatives and to the family 
of the deceased. 



[76] 



MEMOHIAL ADDUP:SSES 



Addkkss <)1 Mk. Lodce, of Massachusetts 

Mr. President: Practically all of Mr. Loverinc.'s long 
life was spent within the district which he so well repre- 
sented for almost 13 years. His parents moved to Taun- 
ton in 1837, and here he made his home. His delicate 
healtii made it inipossihle for him to enter college, hut he 
stu<lied in private schools, and at an early age he entered 
the cotton business with his father, who was one of the 
pioneer cotton manufacturers of that part of the State. 
When the Civil War opened he was prompt to offer his 
services, but ill health made it impossible for him to con- 
tinue in the Army. From that time on he took an ever- 
increasing part in the management of tlie cotton business, 
not only in the mechanical arrangements but in the de- 
signing of the pattern of the fabric, and it was largely to 
his skill both as a manager and a designer that the success 
of the firm was due. This thorough knowledge of all 
branches of cotton manufacturing was recognized lakr 
by his selection as head of the Arkwright Club and Ihe 
New England Association of Cotton Manufacturers. But 
his expci'ience was not confined merely to this indus- 
tr}'. He had other large interests which brought him in 
touch with all sections of the country and gave him a 
clear and comprehensive understanding of the funda- 
mental principles of banking and of the jjroblems (»f 
foreign trade. 

[77] 



Memorial Addresses: Representative LovERiNCi 

His public service began in the State senate of Massa- 
chusetts in 1874, and it was during his term there that a 
bill was passed, the first, I believe, in any State, which 
attempted to regulate and limit the hours of labor. Al- 
though he continued his interest in State and national 
politics and served as delegate to one of the national con- 
ventions, he did not enter public life actively again until 
1896. when he was elected to the Fifty-fifth Congress, and 
thereafter served continuously' to the time of his death. 

He was 60 years old when he entered the House, and 
he brought to his duties a large experience and a prac- 
tical training which gave much weiglit to his views on 
banking and currency and the drawback provisions of 
the tarifi', subjects to which he had given long and care- 
ful study. Mr. Lovering was not a man who through 
powers of oratory sought to enforce his views, but his 
work, quiet and unobtrusive though it was, was none the 
less ett'ective, and his ability was fully recognized and 
his advice sought on these matters. 

It is with financial and customs legislation that his 
name is most associated, but he was actively interested 
ill many other matters. His district, with its long stretch 
of dangerous coast, made him familiar with the perils 
and hardships of the life-saving corps, and to him more 
than any other are due the laws which helped to improve 
the service and to raise it to the present high plane of 
efiiciency. He was an early advocate of legislation to 
regulate b^' Federal law the hours of labor throughout 
the country, and he believed thoroughly in the power and 
duty of the Government to prevent dealings in " futures," 
subjects which are once again engaging the attention of 
Congress. 

He was devoted to the interests of his district, widely 
diversified as they are, and yet he never hesitated to 
pursue the course which he believed to be right, even at 

[78] 



AnoRESS OF Mr. Lodge, of Massachusetts 

the cost ol SLCiiiiiii* iiiipoiJiilarily. Ho was a man who 
thought deeply and wlio reached his own conclusions 
through force of reason. In these conclusions he ditl'ered 
many times from the majority of his party, and although 
himself a strong party man, he never sacrificed his con- 
victions to the will of the majority, .\lways kindly and 
courteou.s, a man of refined tastes, with a high character 
and an integrity which was never questioned, he was an 
example of the unselfisii and devoted public servant. 
The patriotism which led him to the Army in the Civil 
War remained witli him throughout his life and inspired 
all his public service. 



[79] 



Address of Mr. Wetmore, of Rhode Island 

Mr. Pkesident: Mr. LovERiN<i was liorii in Rhode Island 
of Massacluisctts parents, who shortly afterwards moved 
to Taunton. Mass., wliere and at Cambridge he reeeived 
liis edueation, and then for two years was with his father 
in the business of cotton manufacturing. 

At the outbreak of tlie Civil War lie became an officer 
in a Massachusetts brigade, but was obliged shortly after- 
wards to retire, owing to serious illness. From this time, 
and for the rest of his life, he was interested principally 
in the manufacture of cotton. 

In addition to his own business, he held, at different 
times, important positions in a number of enterprises, as 
well as in charitable and other associations. 

Before entering the Congress of the United States Mr. 
LovERiNG had service in the legislature of his State and 
had been a delegate to and presided over Republican con- 
ventions. Mr. LovERiNG was elected to the House of Rep- 
resentatives of the United States in 189G to the Fifty-fifth 
Congress from the twelfth Massachusetts district, and was 
reelected from the same district to the two following 
Congresses, and then, when the State was redistricted, 
from the fourteenth district for four additional terms. 
and thus had consecutive service for more than 13 years. 
With one exception, he received at his last election (in 
1908) tJie largest plurality his constituents ever gave him. 

During Mr. Loverino's congressional service he was an 
active and influential member of some of its most im- 
portant committees. On public questions in general his 

[80] 



Address of Mh. Wi;tm()Hi;, di Hikidk Island 

views were liberal. He was particularly interested in 
matters relating to finance, taxation, commerce, and 
manufactures, on whijch he was well qualified to speak 
with authority. 

Mr. Loverlng's clear-cut features, expressive eyes, well- 
modulated voice, quiet and unobtrusive manners, coupled 
with a slight appearance of reserve, all went to make a 
verj' attractive personality. 

The large attendance at Taunton on the bleak and win- 
try day of his funei'al, a little more than a year ago, gave 
ample evidence of the high regard in which Mr. Lovering 
was held in his State and at his home town. 



93661°— 11 6 [81] 



Address of Mr. Crane, of Massachusetts 

Mr. President: William Croad Lovering, although a 
native of Rhode Ishiiid, passed most of his life in the State 
which honored him with membership in the National 
House of Representatives. His father was born in Massa- 
chusetts, and returned to the State and took up his resi- 
dence in Taunton in 1837, when the future Member of the 
House of Representatives whom we mourn to-day was 
only 2 years old. When Mr. Lovering had completed his 
education in the Cambridge High School and the Hopkins 
Classical School, he entered upon a business career with 
his father in the Whittenton Mills of Taunton. He gave 
himself earnestly to his work, and eventually became the 
president of the company. He was also interested in 
many other concerns. 

His excellent and long business training and the active 
interest he always took in the aftairs of his city equipped 
him for taking up the problems before him when he 
entered the State senate and enabled him to deal with 
the questions affecting labor which arose when he was 
a member of that body and later when he became a Rep- 
j-esentative in Congress. He was in the Army during the 
Civil War as quartermaster of engineers, but owing to ill 
ilealth was obliged to retire from the service after a brief 
period. Even his short service, however, bound him ever 
after to those of his community who had served their 



[82] 



Ai)i)Ri:ss oi- Ml!. Cham:, oi- MASSAC.iirsims 

country on the field, so tliat he was an earnest member 
of the Grand Army post of his city. His business ex- 
perience, thorougli investigation of iiuhistrial questions, 
and his excellent jiulgnient made him a valuable man on 
the two most important committees on which he served, 
those of Banking and Currency and of Interstate and 
Foreign Commerce. His counsel was much sought. At a 
time of life when most men, after arduous business jiur- 
suits, are ready to lay aside all active work, public honors 
came upon him, and he pursued his work here with (he 
interest of a much younger man and the devotion which 
he had given to his own private interests for so many 
years. He was loj'al to his constituents, serving them 
with great earnestness and fidelity, and he had their con- 
fidence in an unusual degree. 

Mr. Lodge. Mr. President, as a further mark of respect 
to the memory of Mr. Lovering and Mr. Tirrell, late Mem- 
bers of the House of Representatives, I move that the 
Senate adjourn. 

The motion was unanimously agreed to; and (at 5 
o'clock and 25 minutes p. m.) the Senate adjourned until 
Monday, February 27, 1911, at 12 o'clock meridian. 



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